MySQL数据库密码恢复笔记
前言: 在LINUX下装了MYSQL,刚装完的时候把ROOT空密码改了,当时也改了个好记的密码,没想到过了一个小时就忘记了,于是有了这篇恢复密码过程笔记 因为MySQL密码存储于数据库mysql中的user表中 所以只需要将我windows 2003下的MySQL中的user表拷贝过来覆盖掉
前言:
在LINUX下装了MYSQL,刚装完的时候把ROOT空密码改了,当时也改了个好记的密码,没想到过了一个小时就忘记了,于是有了这篇恢复密码过程笔记
因为MySQL密码存储于数据库mysql中的user表中
所以只需要将我windows 2003下的MySQL中的user表拷贝过来覆盖掉就行了
在c:mysqldatamysql(linux 则一般在/var/lib/mysql/mysql/)目录下有三个user表相关文件user.frm、user.MYD、user.MYI
user.frm //user表样式文件
user.MYD //user表数据文件
user.MYI //user表索引文件
为保险起见,三个都拷贝过来,不过其实如果之前在要恢复的那个MySQL上没有更改过表结构的话,只要拷贝user.MYD就行了
然后
#. /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop #. /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start #mysql -u root -p XXXXXX
好了,可以用windows 2003下mysql密码登陆了
mysql>use mysql mysql>update user set Password=PASSWORD('xxxxxx') where User='root';
这时候会出错,提示user表只有读权限
我分析了一下原因,只这样的,因为user.*文件的权限分配是windows 2003下的,在windows 2003下我ls -l一看权限是666
在linux下我一看,,拷过来后权限变成了600(其实正常情况下600就行了,只不过这里的文件属主不是mysql,拷过来后的属主变为了root,所以会出现权限不够,这时候如果你改成权限666则可以了,当然这样不好,没有解决问题的实质),在/var/lib/mysql/mysql/下ls -l看了一下再
#chown -R mysql:mysql user.* #chmod 600 user.*
//OK,DONE
重起一下MYSQL
重新连接
mysql>use mysql mysql>update user set Password=PASSWORD('xxxxxx') where User='root'; mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
有一点值得注意:如果你windows 下mysql如果是默认配置的话,注意要还要执行
mysql>delete from user where User=''; mysql>delete from user where Host='%'; mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
好了,到这里恢复密码过程就完成了
这个方法么就是有点局限性,你必须也具备另外的user表文件
其他还有几种方法
其它方法一(这个是网上流传较广的方法,mysql中文参考手册上的)
1. 向mysqld server 发送kill命令关掉mysqld server(不是 kill -9),存放进程ID的文件通常在MYSQL的数据库所在的目录中。
killall -TERM mysqld
你必须是UNIX的root用户或者是你所运行的SERVER上的同等用户,才能执行这个操作。
2. 使用`--skip-grant-tables' 参数来启动 mysqld。 (LINUX下/usr/bin/safe_mysqld --skip-grant-tables , windows下c:mysqlbinmysqld --skip-grant-tables)
3. 然后无密码登录到mysqld server ,
>use mysql >update user set password=password("new_pass") where user="root"; >flush privileges;
你也可以这样做:`
mysqladmin -h hostname -u user password 'new password''
4. 载入权限表: `
mysqladmin -h hostname flush-privileges'
或者使用 SQL 命令`
FLUSH PRIVILEGES'
5.
killall -TERM mysqld
6.用新密码登陆
其它方法二
直接用十六进制编辑器编辑user.MYD文件
不过这个里面我要说明一点,我这里编辑的时候发现个问题,加密的密码串有些是连续存储的,有些的最后两位被切开了,后两位存储在后面其他地方.这一点我还没想明白.还有注意一点就是编辑的是加密过的密码串,也就是说你还是需要另外有user表文件。这种方法和我最上面介绍的方法的区别在于,这种方法直接编辑linux下的user表文件,就不需要重新改文件属主和权限了

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