Home Database Mysql Tutorial 数据库系统原理ER模型与关系模型

数据库系统原理ER模型与关系模型

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:02 PM
relation principle database Model system software

数据库系统是软件的一种,数据库系统自然而然也有他自己的生命周期生存期。它的生存期从规划开始,一直到将它卸载不用了。它的中间过程很复杂,为了实现用户的想法,数据库有关人员将现实生活中的数据进行抽象,然后在进行分类与操作,让后将数据整合到一起

数据库系统是软件的一种,数据库系统自然而然也有他自己的生命周期——生存期。它的生存期从规划开始,一直到将它卸载不用了。它的中间过程很复杂,为了实现用户的想法,数据库有关人员将现实生活中的数据进行抽象,然后在进行分类与操作,让后将数据整合到一起,将它们封装成了一个系统让用户使用它,最后数据库有关人员在对它们的成果进行不断地维护,这样不仅满足了用户的需要,还体现了全心全意为人民服的观点。

1 软件与数据库的关系

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数据库系统是软件这一个超类的实例化成的一个子类而已,当然,还可以把软件看成是一个强实体,数据库系统时一个弱势体,弱势体依赖着强实体存在。在数据库设计的阶段,其概念模型想关系模型的转化是一个重点,在转化的过程中数据要一一对应,当然,还要消除数据冗余。在数据库设计时,数据库设计人员要把现实世界中的数据以及数据之间的联系抽象出来,分别用实体,联系,属性三者来表示。对于数据库的维护,它是最耗时最麻烦的一步了,在数据库建成之后,它将伴随着数据库一直到老。

2 ER模型

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ER模型组成分为实体和联系,实体是对现实生活中的抽象,实体与实体之间的信息传输是通过联系来实现的。属性是实体与联系共享的一个名片。属性从分类上讲有简单属性和复合属性,有单值属性和多值属性,储存属性和派生属性。在复合属性中,各个属性之间存在一定的逻辑依赖关系,或者说是层次关系,比如书地址属性,它可以分为省,市,县.....。而对峙属性它们之间不存在一定的联系,比如说学位,它可以有硕士,博士,学士等等。

对ER模型的操作其实就是对ER模型元素的操作,就是对实体,联系,属性之间的操作,操作的目的是实现对用户的需求的同时还要减少数据的冗余。

2 ER模型到 关系模型的转化

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从ER模型都关系模型的转换是将抽象过得数据进一步的整理,转换完成之后数据就可以以二维表格的形式展现出来,这样将数据存入数据库之后有利于。数据库我们对数据的操作。

ER模型是人们认识客观世界的一种方法,工具。关系模型是将ER模型转换成DBMS世界的产物。它们的设计就是为了不断满足用户的需要的体现。

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