Home Database Mysql Tutorial 如何删除数据库中的重复记录?

如何删除数据库中的重复记录?

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:56 PM
delete how database Record repeat

一、题外篇 今天很悲催啊,给用户数据做datapatch的时候,每个月的数据多导入了一份,瞬间惊出一身冷汗... 这可是产品环境,要是被老板知道了可就死定了,赶紧去掉重复的记录,同时写下下面的文章以备后用。 二、准备篇 1. 先创建一张学生表student: create

一、题外篇

今天很悲催啊,给用户数据做datapatch的时候,每个月的数据多导入了一份,瞬间惊出一身冷汗... 这可是产品环境,要是被老板知道了可就死定了,赶紧去掉重复的记录,同时写下下面的文章以备后用。

二、准备篇

1. 先创建一张学生表student:

create table student(
       id varchar(10) not null,
       name varchar(10) not null,
       age number not null
);
Copy after login

2. 插入几条数据到表student:

insert into student values('1', 'zhangs', 20);
insert into student values('1', 'zhangs', 20);
insert into student values('2', 'zhangs', 20);
insert into student values('3', 'lisi', 20);
insert into student values('4', 'lisi', 30);
insert into student values('5', 'wangwu', 30);
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\

三、处理篇

1. 使用rowid

① 查询:

select *
  from student s1
 where rowid != (select max(rowid)
                   from student s2
                  where s1.id = s2.id
                    and s1.name = s2.name
                    and s1.age = s2.age)
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注: rowid是唯一标志记录物理位置的一个id, 括号中是查询出重复数据中rowid最大的一条.

② 删除:

delete from student s1
 where rowid != (select max(rowid)
                   from student s2
                  where s1.id = s2.id
                    and s1.name = s2.name
                    and s1.age = s2.age)
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2. 使用 group by 和 having

① 查询:

select id, name, age, count(*)
  from student
 group by id, name, age
having count(*) > 1;
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3. 使用distinct

create table stud_temp as select distinct * from student; -- 创建临时表 stud_temp
truncate table student; -- 清空student表
insert into student select * from stud_temp; -- 将临时表数据导入student表
drop table stud_temp; -- 删除临时表
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注: distinct只适用于对小表处理, 如果是千万级别数据的表, 请使用rowid, 因为它具有唯一性, 效率更高.

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