Home Database Mysql Tutorial mongoDB的shell的基本操作

mongoDB的shell的基本操作

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:54 PM
mongodb shell Basic operations Open first

打开shell 首先启动服务端mongod --dbpath d:\app\mongodata 然后打开shell:mongo localhost:27017 默认是以test用户操作,我们可以通过mongo localhost:27017/admin 增大权限 1.创建一个数据库 use [databaseName] 但是若什么也不做就退出的话这个空数据库

打开shell

首先启动服务端mongod --dbpath d:\app\mongodata

然后打开shell:mongo localhost:27017

\

默认是以test用户操作,我们可以通过mongo localhost:27017/admin 增大权限

1.创建一个数据库

use [databaseName]

但是若什么也不做就退出的话这个空数据库会被删除

2.查看所有数据库

show dbs

3.给指定数据库添加集合并且添加记录

db.[documentName].insert({...})

1.插入文档

db.[documentName].insert({})

2.批量插入文档

shell 这样执行是错误的 db.[documentName].insert([{},{},{},……..])

shell 不支持批量插入

想完成批量插入可以用mongo的应用驱动或是shell的for循环

3.Save操作

save操作和insert操作区别在于当遇到_id相同的情况下

save完成保存操作

insert则会报错

4.查看数据库中所有文档

show collections

5.查询制定文档的数据

查询所有:db.[documentName].find()

查询第一条数据:db.[documentName].findOne()

6.更新文档数据

db.[documentName].update({查询条件},{更新内容})

例子:

var p=db.persons.findOne();

db.persons.update(p,{name:"zhang"});

1.强硬的文档替换式更新操作

db.[documentName].update({查询器},{修改器})

强硬的更新会用新的文档代替老的文档

2.主键冲突的时候会报错并且停止更新操作

因为是强硬替换当替换的文档和已有文档ID冲突的时候 ,则系统会报错

3.insertOrUpdate操作

目的:查询器查出来数据就执行更新操作,查不出来就替换操作

做法:db.[documentName].update({查询器},{修改器},true)

4.批量更新操作

默认情况当查询器查询出多条数据的时候默认就修改第一条数据

如何实现批量修改

db.[documentName].update({查询器},{修改器},false, true)

7.删除文档中的数据

db.[documentName].remove({...})

例子:

db.persons.remove({name:"zhang"})

1.删除列表中所有数据

db.[documentName].remove()

集合的本身和索引不会别删除

2.根据条件删除

db.[documentName].remove({})

删除集合text中name等于uspcat的纪录

db.text.remove({name:”uspcat”})

3.小技巧

如果你想清楚一个数据量十分庞大的集合

直接删除该集合并且重新建立索引的办法

比直接用remove的效率和高很多

8.使用修改器来完成局部更新操作

\

\

. runCommand函数和findAndModify函数

runCommand可以执行mongoDB中的特殊函数

findAndModify就是特殊函数之一他的用于是返回update或remove后的文档

runCommand({“findAndModify”:”processes”,

query:{查询器},

sort{排序},

new:true

update:{更新器},

remove:true

}).value

ps = db.runCommand({

"findAndModify":"persons",

"query":{"name":"text"},

"update":{"$set":{"email":"1221"}},

"new":true

}).value

ps)

9.$addToSet与$each结合完成批量数组更新

db.text.update({_id:1000},{$addToSet:{books:{$each:[“JS”,”DB”]}}})

$each会循环后面的数组把每一个数值进行$addToSet操作

10.存在分配与查询效率

当document被创建的时候DB为其分配内存和预留内存,当修改操作

不超过预留内层的时候则速度非常快,超过了就要分配新的内存

则会消耗时间

11. 删除库中的集合 db.[documentName].drop()

删除数据库 db.dropDatabase()

12.shell里面的help

全局的help,数据库相关的db.help(),集合相关的db.[documentName].help()

注:shell客户端内置了js引擎!

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