Ch 2 PL/SQL编程基础
编程语言划分如下:1GL是汇编语言; 2GL是高级程序设计语言,如FORTRAN,ALGOL,BASIC,LISP等;3GL是增强性的高级程序设计语言,如PASCAL, ALGOL68,FORTRAN77等;4GL是按计算机科学理论指导设计出来的结构化语言,如ADA,MODULA-2,SMALLTALK-80等 PL/S
编程语言划分如下:1GL是汇编语言; 2GL是高级程序设计语言,如FORTRAN,ALGOL,BASIC,LISP等;3GL是增强性的高级程序设计语言,如PASCAL, ALGOL68,FORTRAN77等;4GL是按计算机科学理论指导设计出来的结构化语言,如ADA,MODULA-2,SMALLTALK-80等
PL/SQL基本程序单元是块。分:匿名块、过程块(子程序1)、函数块(子程序2)
--块1:匿名块,编译时候自动运行
declare
v_str varchar(50);
v_name varchar(50);
begin
select ename into v_str from emp where empno = 7369;
dbms_output.put_line(v_str);
end;
select * from emp;
--块2:过程
--1、生成伪代码见左边,编译,不产生日志文件
create or replace procedure --or replace 在一个过程里面
--变量声明
pro_emp_getinfo_byId(v_num int) is
v_name varchar(50);
begin
select ename into v_name
from emp where empno = v_num;
dbms_output.put_line(v_name);
end;
--2、执行
call pro_emp_getinfo_byId(7369);
select * from emp where empno = 7369;
--块3、函数
create or replace function
fun_getinfo(v_empno int) return varchar is
v_name varchar(50);
begin
select ename into v_name
from emp where empno = v_empno;
return v_name;
end;
declare
v_name varchar(50);
begin
v_name := fun_getinfo(7369);
dbms_output.put_line(v_name);
end;
数据类型
a、标量变量:varchar2(n)同varchar(n) char(n)固定长度 Number(p,s) p总个数,s小数位数 boolean
定义:c constant number not null(3,2):=5.5;不能修改c,且非空必须赋值 default**默认
可以使用“表.列%type”定义类型
b、复合变量可以存放多个变量值
1、PL/SQL记录 declare
type mytype is record(
myname f.f_name%type,
myphoneNo f.f_phoneno%type
);
my mytype;--自定义类型
mytable f%rowtype;--与表的成员类型一样
begin
my.myname :='wo';--赋值
select * into mytable from f where myname = 'john';--赋值
end
c、引用变量
d、LOB变量分内部和外部

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











C is an ideal language for beginners to learn programming, and its advantages include efficiency, versatility, and portability. Learning C language requires: Installing a C compiler (such as MinGW or Cygwin) Understanding variables, data types, conditional statements and loop statements Writing the first program containing the main function and printf() function Practicing through practical cases (such as calculating averages) C language knowledge

Pythonempowersbeginnersinproblem-solving.Itsuser-friendlysyntax,extensivelibrary,andfeaturessuchasvariables,conditionalstatements,andloopsenableefficientcodedevelopment.Frommanagingdatatocontrollingprogramflowandperformingrepetitivetasks,Pythonprovid

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

JavaScript is the cornerstone of modern web development, and its main functions include event-driven programming, dynamic content generation and asynchronous programming. 1) Event-driven programming allows web pages to change dynamically according to user operations. 2) Dynamic content generation allows page content to be adjusted according to conditions. 3) Asynchronous programming ensures that the user interface is not blocked. JavaScript is widely used in web interaction, single-page application and server-side development, greatly improving the flexibility of user experience and cross-platform development.

Python is an ideal programming introduction language for beginners through its ease of learning and powerful features. Its basics include: Variables: used to store data (numbers, strings, lists, etc.). Data type: Defines the type of data in the variable (integer, floating point, etc.). Operators: used for mathematical operations and comparisons. Control flow: Control the flow of code execution (conditional statements, loops).

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.

Getting Started with Python Programming Install Python: Download and install from the official website. HelloWorld!: Use print("HelloWorld!") to print the first line of code. Practical case: Calculate the area of a circle: Use π (3.14159) and the radius to calculate the area of the circle. Variables and data types: Use variables to store data. Data types in Python include integers, floating point numbers, strings, and Boolean values. Expressions and assignments: Use operators to connect variables, constants, and functions, and use the assignment operator (=) to assign values to variables. Control flow: if-else statement: execute different code blocks based on conditions, determine odd

C is an ideal choice for beginners to learn system programming. It contains the following components: header files, functions and main functions. A simple C program that can print "HelloWorld" needs a header file containing the standard input/output function declaration and uses the printf function in the main function to print. C programs can be compiled and run by using the GCC compiler. After you master the basics, you can move on to topics such as data types, functions, arrays, and file handling to become a proficient C programmer.
