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Home Database Mysql Tutorial 【顶点实习】oracle的学习 二

【顶点实习】oracle的学习 二

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:39 PM
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2012/12/19 23:08 by 灵月 (ps:高手请路过,新手可一笑而过 ) 授课老师:林嵩 教授内容: SQL基础 1.了解什么是SQL语句 2.了解SQL语句关于表的操作 3.掌握SQL语句的查询命令 4.掌握SQL常用函数 5.掌握SQL语句对于数据表中记录的操作 6.了解数据库的其它对象

2012/12/19 23:08 by 灵月
(ps:高手请路过,新手可一笑而过【顶点实习】oracle的学习 二)

授课老师:林嵩

教授内容:

SQL基础

1.了解什么是SQL语句

2.了解SQL语句关于表的操作

3.掌握SQL语句的查询命令

4.掌握SQL常用函数

5.掌握SQL语句对于数据表中记录的操作

6.了解数据库的其它对象:视图、序列、索引,同义词

7.解数据库权限分配

个人学习情况:

今天真是够快的,这对于我这个刚接触oracle的菜鸟够呛!【顶点实习】oracle的学习 二

记下几个课堂中自己不懂的知识点:

1.字符型日期插入’25-12月-01‘;

2.number(8,2)  123456.12 整数位只有6位;

3.char 与 varchar2的区别 这个从二方面理解,定长肯定是占资源,解析快,不定长 是占资源少,解析慢,各有千秋;

4.几个约束键:check 、default、unique;

5.to_char();

6.取消重复行 distinct

7.通配符 % _ 

8.escape  / 转义符

9.连接查询 (这个内容多)

学习 步步为营 博文一篇 http://blog.163.com/yuxiangtong0524@126/blog/static/8008616320103624845309/

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ORACLE左右连接  

2010-04-06 14:48:45|  分类: Oracle |字号 订阅

1.【顶点实习】oracle的学习 二

 左连接  
  a.a=b.b(+)  
  右连接  
  a.a(+)=b.b  

2.【顶点实习】oracle的学习 二

  create   table   dali.test1(a   int,b   int);  
  create   table   dali.test2(a   int,b   int);  
   
  insert   into   dali.test1   values(1,456);  
  insert   into   dali.test1   values(2,427);  
  insert   into   dali.test2   values(1,45456);  
  insert   into   dali.test2   values(3,45656);  
   
  ---内连接  
  select   *   from   dali.test1   a,   dali.test2   b   where   a.a=b.a;  
   
  ---左连接  
  select   *   from   dali.test1   a,   dali.test2   b   where   a.a=b.a(+);  
   
  ---右连接  
  select   *   from   dali.test1   a,   dali.test2   b   where   a.a(+)=b.a;  
   
  ---完全连接  
  select   *   from   dali.test1   a,   dali.test2   b   where   a.a=b.a(+)  
  union  
  select   *   from   dali.test1   a,   dali.test2   b   where   a.a(+)=b.a;  
   
  ---迪卡尔  
  select   *   from   dali.test1,   dali.test2;


3.数据表的连接有:
1、内连接(自然连接): 只有两个表相匹配的行才能在结果集中出现
2、外连接: 包括
(1)左外连接(左边的表不加限制)
(2)右外连接(右边的表不加限制)
(3)全外连接(左右两表都不加限制)
3、自连接(连接发生在一张基表内)
select a.studentno, a.studentname, b.classname
  from students a, classes b
  where a.classid(+) = b.classid;
STUDENTNO STUDENTNAM CLASSNAME
---------- ---------- ------------------------------
    1 周虎     一年级一班
    2 周林     一年级二班
    3              一年级三班
以上语句是右连接:
即"(+)"所在位置的另一侧为连接的方向,右连接说明等号右侧的所有
记录均会被显示,无论其在左侧是否得到匹配。也就是说上例中,无
论会不会出现某个班级没有一个学生的情况,这个班级的名字都会在
查询结构中出现。
反之:
select a.studentno, a.studentname, b.classname
  from students a, classes b
  where a.classid = b.classid(+);
STUDENTNO STUDENTNAM CLASSNAME
---------- ---------- ------------------------------
    1 周虎     一年级一班
    2 周林     一年级二班
    3 钟林达
则是左连接,无论这个学生有没有一个能在一个班级中得到匹配的部门号,
这个学生的记录都会被显示。
select a.studentno, a.studentname, b.classname
  from students a, classes b
  where a.classid = b.classid;
这个则是通常用到的内连接,显示两表都符合条件的记录
总之,
左连接显示左边全部的和右边与左边相同的
右连接显示右边全部的和左边与右边相同的
内连接是只显示满足条件的! ...... 

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10.学习视图时遇到个小问题,关于scott无权限建立view视图的,百度解决

引 piranha博文一篇 http://piranha.iteye.com/blog/847877

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在创建用户的时候如果直接给用户DBA权限,那么在B用户中可以直接查询A用户的表,但是在创建视图时就会报无权限,在这种情况下需要再在被访问的A用户里面去给予要访问该表的B用户授权。

--创建视图权限,一般网上找都是说的这句,但是光有这句还是无法创建
grant create  view to B;

--授予查询权限
grant select any table to B;

--授予权限
grant select any dictionary to B;


以上3项地后就能正常创建视图了。

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时间比较晚,赶紧收拾下睡觉!【顶点实习】oracle的学习 二


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