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Oracle面试题(概念、定义)

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:36 PM
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Oracle面试题 1、触发器的作用? 答:触发器是一中特殊的存储过程,主要是通过事件来触发而被执行的。它可以强化约束,来维护数据的完整性和一致性,可以跟踪数据库内的操作从而不允许未经许可的更新和变化。可以联级运算。如某表上的触发器上包含对另一个表

Oracle面试题

1、触发器的作用?
   答:触发器是一中特殊的存储过程,主要是通过事件来触发而被执行的。它可以强化约束,来维护数据的完整性和一致性,可以跟踪数据库内的操作从而不允许未经许可的更新和变化。可以联级运算。如某表上的触发器上包含对另一个表的数据操作,而该操作又会导致该表触发器被触发。

2、什么是存储过程?用什么来调用?
   答:存储过程是一个预编译的SQL语句,优点是允许模块化的设计,就是说只需创建一次,以后在该程序中就可以调用多次。如果某次操作需要执行多次SQL,使用存储过程比单纯SQL语句执行要快。可以用一个命令对象来调用存储过程。

3、什么是事务?
   答:事务就是被绑定在一起作为一个逻辑工作单元的SQL语句分组,如果任何一个语句操作失败那么整个操作就被失败,以后操作就会回滚到操作前状态,或者是上有个节点。为了确保要么执行,要么不执行,就可以使用事务。事务有四个特性,分别是:原子性,一致性,隔离性和持久性。


4、索引的作用?和它的优点缺点是什么?
   答:索引就一种特殊的查询表,数据库的搜索引擎可以利用它加速对数据的检索。索引很类似与现实生活中书的目录,不需要查询整本书内容就可以找到想要的数据。索引可以是唯一的,创建索引允许指定单个列或者是多个列。缺点是它减慢了数据录入的速度,同时也增加了数据库的尺寸大小。

5、什么是锁?
   答:锁是实现事务的关键,锁可以保证事务的完整性和并发性。与现实生活中锁一样,它可以使某些数据的拥有者,在某段时间内不能使用某些数据或数据结构。当然锁还分级别的。

6、维护数据库的完整性和一致性,你喜欢用触发器还是自写业务逻辑?为什么?
   答:尽可能使用约束,如check、主键、外键、非空字段等来约束。这样做效率最高,也最方便。其次是使用触发器,这种方法可以保证,无论什么业务系统访问数据库都可以保证数据的完整新和一致性。最后考虑的是自写业务逻辑,但这样做麻烦,编程复杂,效率低下。

 

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