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数据库操作视图

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:30 PM
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在第一遍敲机房收费系统的时候,数据库时自己根据查询的时候需要用到哪个表,哪个字段,就直接将这些字段放在了一个表里面了。没有考虑过三范式什么的。因为上下机的时候卡号,表里面的内容是动态的,卡号总是会重复,所以连主键都没有设置就直接这么下来了

在第一遍敲机房收费系统的时候,数据库时自己根据查询的时候需要用到哪个表,哪个字段,就直接将这些字段放在了一个表里面了。没有考虑过三范式什么的。因为上下机的时候卡号,表里面的内容是动态的,卡号总是会重复,所以连主键都没有设置就直接这么下来了。当时也不懂什么数据冗余啊什么的。现在经过了一些稍微专业点的训练,知道那么做是不行的。数据库的设计需要遵循三范式。

问题来了,将数据库根据三范式设计了,这样有时候需要查询的字段在两个表里面,怎么办呢?这时就需要一个新东西了——视图。

视图在之前数据库学习的时候也是学习过的,但是当时只是看看,并没有真正的去动手时间过。心里会有一种这个东西很高大上的感觉。这次不得不用了,就查了一下,动手实践操作。发现其实很简单的。并没有想象中的那么高大上。

下面来讲一下视图。

视图的创建有两种方式,第一种方式就是在数据库里面根据数据库的提示建立。第二种就是直接写SQL语句来建立。虽然之前学过视图的句子,但是毕竟没有手动实践过,就先来第一种吧。

首先,右击 “视图”,选择“新建视图”

     数据库操作视图

会出现“添加表”的窗口,选择需要的表,然后点击“添加”

 数据库操作视图

就会出现可视化两个表,勾选上自己需要的字段,这时在下面就会有相应的SQL语句生成。

数据库操作视图

然后点击保存,给该视图命名个名字即可。也可以点击执行来看看效果。

视图是一个虚拟的表,所以在查询的时候,直接将视图作为一个表进行从中查询就可以了。在建立好的视图中,我们自己也可以在下面生成的SQL语句中加入条件。

比如,我加了一个条件,让T_OnOffLine表中的state字段值为False

数据库操作视图



总结:

在课本中学到的东西,没有动手实践过,只能是了解。遇到问题多多去动手实践,遇到问题,解决问题。才会成长的更多。实践出真知啊。


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