向SqlServer数据库插入数据
Insert Values Insert Select Insert Exec Select Into Bulk Insert Insert Values是最常用的一种插入数据的方式,基本语法如下,表名之后可以指定目标列的名称,这种显式的指定目标列的名称是可选的,但是这种做法的好处是对语句的列值列名之间的关联关系进
- Insert Values
- Insert Select
- Insert Exec
- Select Into
- Bulk Insert
Insert Values是最常用的一种插入数据的方式,基本语法如下,表名之后可以指定目标列的名称,这种显式的指定目标列的名称是可选的,但是这种做法的好处是对语句的列值列名之间的关联关系进行控制,而不必单纯的依赖定义表时
各个列出现的顺序
INSERT INTO dbo.DimDate ( DataKey , Year , Qu , QuCN , Month , MonthCN , Ten , TenCN , Week , WeekDay , Day , Date ) VALUES ( 0 , -- DataKey - int 0 , -- Year - int 0 , -- Qu - int '' , -- QuCN - varchar(20) 0 , -- Month - int '' , -- MonthCN - varchar(20) 0 , -- Ten - int '' , -- TenCN - varchar(20) 0 , -- Week - int '' , -- WeekDay - varchar(20) 0 , -- Day - int '2014-09-23 13:34:16' -- Date - datetime )
确定列值的优先级顺序:给定的值》默认值》Null
Sql2008增强了Values功能,允许在一条语句中指定由逗号隔开的多条记录
INSERT INTO dbo.Table_1 ( ID ) VALUES ( 0 ),( 1 ),( 2 )
使用Values构建虚拟表
SELECT * FROM (VALUES ( 0 ),( 1 ),( 2 )) AS a(id)
Insert Select
Insert Select 将一组由Select查询返回的结果行插入到目标表中(目标表是已经存在的表,这一点和Select Into有区别)
INSERT INTO dbo.Table_1 SELECT * FROM dbo.Table_2
Insert Exec
Insert Exec 语句可以把存储过程或动态Sql批处理返回的结果集插入到目标表
Select Into
Select Into的作用是创建一个目标表,并用返回的结果集填充它,不能用这个语句向已经存在的表中插入数据,
当指定的目标表是临时表时自动创建一个临时表,指定为用户表时创建一个用户表,
Select Into 会复制来源表的基本结构(包括列名、数据类型、是否允许NUll以及IDentity属性),不会复制的三样东西(约束、索引、触发器)
Select into的另一个优点:如果数据库的属性没有设置成完成恢复模式,Select into 就会按照最小日志记录模式来执行操作
Bulk Insert
这种方式用的比较少,用于将文件中的数据导入一个已经存在的表
示例本例从指定的数据文件中导入订单详细信息,该文件使用竖杠 (|) 字符作为字段终止符,使用 |/n 作为行终止符。
BULK INSERT Northwind.dbo.[Order Details] FROM 'f:/orders/lineitem.tbl' WITH ( FIELDTERMINATOR = '|', ROWTERMINATOR = '|/n' )

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