MySQL中DATETIME、DATE和TIMESTAMP类型的区别
一、DATETIME 显示式:YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS 时间范围:[ '1000-01-01 00:00:00'到'9999-12-31 23:59:59'] 二、DATE 显示式:YYYY-MM-DD 时间范围:['1000-01-01'到'9999-12-31'] 三、TIMESTAMP 显示式:YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS 时间范围:[ '1970-01-01 00:00:00'
一、DATETIME
显示格式:YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS
时间范围:[ '1000-01-01 00:00:00'到'9999-12-31 23:59:59']
二、DATE
显示格式:YYYY-MM-DD
时间范围:['1000-01-01'到'9999-12-31']
三、TIMESTAMP
显示格式:YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS
时间范围:[ '1970-01-01 00:00:00'到'2037-12-31 23:59:59']
TIMESTAMP注意点:
TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP 在创建新记录和修改现有记录的时候都对这个数据列刷新。
TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP 在创建新记录的时候把这个字段设置为当前时间,但以后修改时,不再刷新它。
TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP 在创建新记录的时候把这个字段设置为0,以后修改时刷新它。
TIMESTAMP DEFAULT ‘yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss’ ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP 在创建新记录的时候把这个字段设置为给定值,以后修改时刷新它
1、TIMESTAMP列不为空时,默认值可以为“0000-00-00 00:00:00”,但不能为null。
2、一个表可以存在多个TIMESTAMP列,但一个表只有一个TIMESTAMP类型的字段可以在默认值或者UPDATE部分用CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,即设置为数据更新而改变为数据库系统当前值。
3、TIMESTAMP列的默认值是CURRENT_TIMESTAMP常量值。当记录数据发生变化的时候,TIMESTAMP列会自动将其值设定为CURRENT_TIMESTAMP。
4、TIMESTAMP列创建后的格式是:
ALTER TABLE `course`
ADD COLUMN `birthday` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
ALTER TABLE `course`
ADD COLUMN `birthday` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ;
ALTER TABLE `course`
ADD COLUMN `birthday` timestamp NULL AFTER `cname`;
四、日期格式转换
1、字符串转日期
select STR_TO_DATE('2013-01-29 13:49:18', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s')
2、日期转字符串
select DATE_FORMAT('2013-01-29 13:49:18', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s')
五、日期的中常用的年月日时分秒星期月份等获取方法
select TIMESTAMP('2013-01-29 13:50:27');
select DATE('2013-01-29 13:50:27');
select YEAR('2013-01-29 13:50:27');
select MONTH(('2013-01-29 13:50:27');
select WEEK('2013-01-29 13:50:27');
select DAY('2013-01-29 13:50:27');
select TIME('2013-01-29 13:50:27');
select CURTIME();
select CURDATE();
select CURRENT_DATE;
select CURRENT_TIME;
select CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
select NOW()
六、日期的运算:
SELECT DATE_ADD('2013-01-29 13:50:27', INTERVAL 1 DAY);
-> '2013-01-30 13:50:27'
SELECT DATE_ADD('2013-01-29 13:50:27', INTERVAL 1 HOUR);
-> '2013-01-29 14:50:27'
SELECT DATE_ADD('2013-01-29 13:50:27', INTERVAL 1 MONTH);
-> '2013-02-28 13:50:27'

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