Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL 存储过程学习

MySQL 存储过程学习

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:10 PM
mysql stored procedure database

MySQL 5.0终于开始已经支持存储过程,这样即可以大大提高数据库的处理速度,同时也可以提高数据库编程的灵活性。

MySQL 5.0终于开始已经支持存储过程,这样即可以大大提高数据库的处理速度,同时也可以提高数据库编程的灵活性。

存储过程的优点:

①重复使用。存储过程可以重复使用,从而可以减少数据库开发人员的工作量。

②提高性能。存储过程在创建的时候在进行了编译,将来使用的时候不再重新翻译。一般的SQL语句每执行一次就需要编译一次,所以使用存储过程提高了效率。

③减少网络流量。存储过程位于服务器上,调用的时候只需要传递存储过程的名称以及参数就可以了,,因此降低了网络传输的数据量。

④安全性。参数化的存储过程可以防止SQL注入式攻击,而且可以将Grant、Deny以及Revoke权限应用于存储过程。

创建简单的事例表有id,和name两个字段,并插入5条数据如下:

mysql> create table t1(id int not null primary key,name varchar(20) default null);

mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'name1'),(2,'name2'),(3,'name3'),(4,'name4'),(5,'name5');

mysql> select * from t1;

+----+-------+

| id | name  |

+----+-------+

|  1 | name1 |

|  2 | name2 |

|  3 | name3 |

|  4 | name4 |

|  5 | name5 |

+----+-------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL存储过程的参数用在存储过程的定义,共有三种参数类型,IN,OUT,INOUT:

IN 输入参数:表示该参数的值必须在调用存储过程时指定,在存储过程中修改该参数的值不能被返回,为默认值;
OUT 输出参数:该值可在存储过程内部被改变,并可返回;
INOUT 输入输出参数:调用时指定,并且可被改变和返回。

IN参数例子:

mysql> delimiter //

mysql> create procedure p_in(IN p_id int) 

    -> begin

    -> delete from t1 where id = p_id;                                         

    -> end

    -> //

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter ;

mysql> call p_in(5);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;

+----+-------+

| id | name  |

+----+-------+

|  1 | name1 |

|  2 | name2 |

|  3 | name3 |

|  4 | name4 |

+----+-------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)


OUT参数例子:

mysql> delimiter //

mysql> create procedure p_out(OUT p_out int)

    -> begin

    -> select count(id) from t1 into p_out;

    -> end

    -> //

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter ;

mysql> call p_out(@p_out_result);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @p_out_result;

+---------------+

| @p_out_result |

+---------------+

|      4 |

+---------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)


同时存在IN,OUT参数:

mysql> delimiter //

mysql> create procedure p_in_out(IN p_in int,OUT p_out int)

    -> begin

    -> delete from t1 where id =p_in;

    -> select count(id) from t1 into p_out;             

    -> end

    -> //

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter ;

mysql> select @p_in_out_result;

+------------------+

| @p_in_out_result |

+------------------+

|        3 |

+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;

+----+-------+

| id | name  |

+----+-------+

|  1 | name1 |

|  2 | name2 |

|  3 | name3 |

+----+-------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)


INOUT参数:

mysql> select * from t1;

+----+-------+

| id | name  |

+----+-------+

|  1 | name1 |

|  2 | name2 |

|  3 | name3 |

|  4 | name4 |

|  5 | name5 |

+----+-------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter //

mysql> create procedure p_inout(INOUT p_inout int)

    ->begin

    ->select p_inout;

    ->set p_inout=4;

    ->select p_inout;

    -> delete from t1 where id =p_inout;

    ->end

    ->//

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter ;

mysql> set @p_input=5;

mysql> call p_inout(@p_input);

+---------+

| p_inout |

+---------+

|    5 |

+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

+---------+

| p_inout |

+---------+

|    4 |

+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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