ORACLE分组统计
欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 ROLLUP和CUBE语句。 Oracle的GROUP BY语句除了最基本的语法外,还支持ROLLUP和CUBE语句。如果是ROLLUP(A, B, C)的话,首先会对(A、B、C)进行GROUP BY,然后对(A、B)进行GROUP BY,然后是(A)
欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入
ROLLUP和CUBE语句。
Oracle的GROUP
BY语句除了最基本的语法外,还支持ROLLUP和CUBE语句。如果是ROLLUP(A, B, C)的话,首先会对(A、B、C)进行GROUP
BY,然后对(A、B)进行GROUP BY,然后是(A)进行GROUP BY,最后对全表进行GROUP BY操作。如果是GROUP BY
CUBE(A, B, C),则首先会对(A、B、C)进行GROUP
BY,然后依次是(A、B),(A、C),(A),(B、C),(B),(C),最后对全表进行GROUP BY操作。
grouping_id()可以美化效果:
Oracle的GROUP BY语句除了最基本的语法外,还支持ROLLUP和CUBE语句。
除本文内容外,你还可参考:
分析函数参考手册:
http://xsb.itpub.net/post/419/33028
分析函数使用例子介绍:
http://xsb.itpub.net/post/419/44634
SQL> create table t as select * from dba_indexes;
表已创建。
SQL> select index_type, status, count(*) from t group by index_type, status;
INDEX_TYPE STATUS COUNT(*)
--------------------------- -------- ----------
LOB VALID 51
NORMAL N/A 25
NORMAL VALID 479
CLUSTER VALID 11
下面来看看ROLLUP和CUBE语句的执行结果。
SQL> select index_type, status, count(*) from t group by rollup(index_type, status);
INDEX_TYPE STATUS COUNT(*)
--------------------------- -------- ----------
LOB VALID 51
LOB 51
NORMAL N/A 25
NORMAL VALID 479
NORMAL 504
CLUSTER VALID 11
CLUSTER 11
566
已选择8行。
SQL> select index_type, status, count(*) from t group by cube(index_type, status);
INDEX_TYPE STATUS COUNT(*)
--------------------------- -------- ----------
566
N/A 25
VALID 541
LOB 51
LOB VALID 51
NORMAL 504
NORMAL N/A 25
NORMAL VALID 479
CLUSTER 11
CLUSTER VALID 11
已选择10行。
查询结果不是很一目了然,下面通过Oracle提供的函数GROUPING来整理一下查询结果。
SQL> select grouping(index_type) g_ind, grouping(status) g_st, index_type, status, count(*)
2 from t group by rollup(index_type, status) order by 1, 2;
G_IND G_ST INDEX_TYPE STATUS COUNT(*)
---------- ---------- --------------------------- -------- ----------
0 0 LOB VALID 51
0 0 NORMAL N/A 25
0 0 NORMAL VALID 479
0 0 CLUSTER VALID 11
0 1 LOB 51
0 1 NORMAL 504
0 1 CLUSTER 11
1 1 566
已选择8行。
这个查询结果就直观多了,和不带ROLLUP语句的GROUP BY相比,ROLLUP增加了对INDEX_TYPE的GROUP BY统计和对所有记录的GROUP BY统计。
也就是说,如果是ROLLUP(A, B, C)的话,首先会对(A、B、C)进行GROUP BY,然后对(A、B)进行GROUP BY,然后是(A)进行GROUP BY,最后对全表进行GROUP BY操作。
下面看看CUBE语句。
SQL> select grouping(index_type) g_ind, grouping(status) g_st, index_type, status, count(*)
2 from t group by cube(index_type, status) order by 1, 2;
G_IND G_ST INDEX_TYPE STATUS COUNT(*)
---------- ---------- --------------------------- -------- ----------
0 0 LOB VALID 51
0 0 NORMAL N/A 25
0 0 NORMAL VALID 479
0 0 CLUSTER VALID 11
0 1 LOB 51
0 1 NORMAL 504
0 1 CLUSTER 11
1 0 N/A 25
1 0 VALID 541
1 1 566
已选择10行。
和ROLLUP相比,CUBE又增加了对STATUS列的GROUP BY统计。
如果是GROUP BY CUBE(A, B, C),则首先会对(A、B、C)进行GROUP BY,然后依次是(A、B),(A、C),(A),(B、C),(B),(C),最后对全表进行GROUP BY操作。
除了使用GROUPING函数,还可以使用GROUPING_ID来标识GROUP BY结果。
SQL> select grouping_id(index_type, status) g_ind, index_type, status, count(*)
2 from t group by rollup(index_type, status) order by 1;
G_IND INDEX_TYPE STATUS COUNT(*)
---------- --------------------------- -------- ----------
0 LOB VALID 51
0 NORMAL N/A 25
0 NORMAL VALID 479
0 CLUSTER VALID 11
1 LOB 51
1 NORMAL 504
1 CLUSTER 11
3 566
已选择8行。
SQL> select grouping_id(index_type, status) g_ind, index_type, status, count(*)
2 from t group by cube(index_type, status) order by 1;
G_IND INDEX_TYPE STATUS COUNT(*)
---------- --------------------------- -------- ----------
0 LOB VALID 51
0 NORMAL N/A 25
0 NORMAL VALID 479
0 CLUSTER VALID 11
1 LOB 51
1 NORMAL 504
1 CLUSTER 11
2 N/A 25
2 VALID 541
3 566
已选择10行。
grouping_id()可以美化效果:
select DECODE(GROUPING_ID(C1), 1, '合计', C1) D1,
DECODE(GROUPING_ID(C1, C2), 1, '小计', C2) D2,
DECODE(GROUPING_ID(C1, C2, C1 + C2), 1, '小计', C1 + C2) D3,
count(*),
GROUPING_ID(C1, C2, C1 + C2, C1 + 1, C2 + 1),
GROUPING_ID(C1)
from T2
group by rollup(C1, C2, C1 + C2, C1 + 1, C2 + 1);
===========================================================
1.
报表合计专用的
Rollup
函数
销售报表
以往的查询
SQL:
Select
area,month,sum(money) from SaleOrder group by area,month
[1] [2] [3]

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











Solutions to Oracle cannot be opened include: 1. Start the database service; 2. Start the listener; 3. Check port conflicts; 4. Set environment variables correctly; 5. Make sure the firewall or antivirus software does not block the connection; 6. Check whether the server is closed; 7. Use RMAN to recover corrupt files; 8. Check whether the TNS service name is correct; 9. Check network connection; 10. Reinstall Oracle software.

The method to solve the Oracle cursor closure problem includes: explicitly closing the cursor using the CLOSE statement. Declare the cursor in the FOR UPDATE clause so that it automatically closes after the scope is ended. Declare the cursor in the USING clause so that it automatically closes when the associated PL/SQL variable is closed. Use exception handling to ensure that the cursor is closed in any exception situation. Use the connection pool to automatically close the cursor. Disable automatic submission and delay cursor closing.

In Oracle, the FOR LOOP loop can create cursors dynamically. The steps are: 1. Define the cursor type; 2. Create the loop; 3. Create the cursor dynamically; 4. Execute the cursor; 5. Close the cursor. Example: A cursor can be created cycle-by-circuit to display the names and salaries of the top 10 employees.

The PHP community provides rich resources and support to help developers grow. 1) Resources include official documentation, tutorials, blogs and open source projects such as Laravel and Symfony. 2) Support can be obtained through StackOverflow, Reddit and Slack channels. 3) Development trends can be learned by following RFC. 4) Integration into the community can be achieved through active participation, contribution to code and learning sharing.

Building a Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) on a CentOS system requires multiple steps. This article provides a brief configuration guide. 1. Prepare to install JDK in the early stage: Install JavaDevelopmentKit (JDK) on all nodes, and the version must be compatible with Hadoop. The installation package can be downloaded from the Oracle official website. Environment variable configuration: Edit /etc/profile file, set Java and Hadoop environment variables, so that the system can find the installation path of JDK and Hadoop. 2. Security configuration: SSH password-free login to generate SSH key: Use the ssh-keygen command on each node

When Oracle log files are full, the following solutions can be adopted: 1) Clean old log files; 2) Increase the log file size; 3) Increase the log file group; 4) Set up automatic log management; 5) Reinitialize the database. Before implementing any solution, it is recommended to back up the database to prevent data loss.

Oracle is not only a database company, but also a leader in cloud computing and ERP systems. 1. Oracle provides comprehensive solutions from database to cloud services and ERP systems. 2. OracleCloud challenges AWS and Azure, providing IaaS, PaaS and SaaS services. 3. Oracle's ERP systems such as E-BusinessSuite and FusionApplications help enterprises optimize operations.

Oracle views can be exported through the EXP utility: Log in to the Oracle database. Start the EXP utility, specifying the view name and export directory. Enter export parameters, including target mode, file format, and tablespace. Start exporting. Verify the export using the impdp utility.
