Home Database Mysql Tutorial oracle管理笔记1

oracle管理笔记1

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:06 PM
lg oracle Backstage database notes manage process

1. 后台进程 dbwr 数据库写进程。lgwr 日志写进程。ckpt 检查点写进程。smon 系统监控进程。 pmon进程监控进程。 arch归档进程。 reco 恢复进程。 lckn 封锁进程。 2.DBA命令执行方式 sqldba mode=line 或 sqldba lmode=y 然后 SQLDBA 输入行命令 3.oracle

1. 后台进程

dbwr 数据库写进程。lgwr 日志写进程。ckpt 检查点写进程。smon 系统监控进程。 pmon进程监控进程。

arch归档进程。 reco 恢复进程。 lckn 封锁进程。

2.DBA命令执行方式

sqldba mode=line 或 sqldba lmode=y    然后 SQLDBA> 输入行命令

3.oracle 特殊用户:

(1)internal: 只能在服务器端使用的超级用户,它具有DBA的所有特权。4.

(2)system(manager):显示管理信息的视图,和oracle工具所使用的所以视图。

(3)sys(change_on_install) 只能在服务器端使用的超级用户。

4.启动数据库

(1)启动参数和约束条件

Exclusive/Parallel:专用/并行数据库模式。

Database Name:要启动的数据库名,默认值为ORACLE_SID变量的值。

Parameter File:在启动实例时,访问的参数文件名,默认文件为initSID.ora。

Force:在启动实例前,强行关闭当前实例。

Restrict to DBAs:数据库启动后,只有DBA特权的用户才能访问数据库。

Recover:在启动实例时,用日志文件做数据库恢复

(2)用行命令启动数据库:

sqldba mode=line

sqldab>connect internal

sqldba>startup

5.关闭方式

(1)Normal 处理完用户提交的所有事务,等带用户退出连接后,关闭数据库、卸载数据库、关闭实例。在下次启动实例时,不做实例恢复操作。

(2)Immediate/ Abort Instance结束正在处理的SQL语句、回滚未提交事务、不等待用户退出正常连接。在下次启动实例时,做实例恢复操作rmal处理完用户提交的

所有事务,等待用户退出连接后,关闭数据库、卸载数据库、关闭实例。在下次启动实例时,不做实例恢复操作。

(3)用命令行关闭数据库 sqldba mode=line sqldba>connect internal      sqldba>shutdown

    6.用户管理:

(1)添加用户: 

CREATE  USER  用户名 INDENTIFIED       BY 口令

                                                                      EXTERNALLY

                DEFAULT  TABLESPACE 表空间名

                TEMPORARY  TABLESPACE 表空间名

                QUOTA   整数  K/M      ON 表空间名

                                UNLIMITED

               PROFILE  环境文件名

例:

CREATE  USER sidney INDENTIFIED  BY  carton

                DEFAULT  TABLESPACE cases_ts

                TEMPORARY  TABLESPACE temp_ts

                QUOTA  5M  ON cases_ts

                QUOTA  5M ON  temp_ts

               PROFILE  engineer 

建立按操作系统帐号george可存取的用户。

      CREATE  USER OPS$georage 

                INDENTIFIED  EXTERNALLY

                DEFAULT  TABLESPACE accs_ts

                TEMPORARY  TABLESPACE temp_ts

                QUOTA  UNLIMITED ON  accs_ts

               QUOTA  UNLIMITED  ON  temp_ts

(2)删除用户:

        DROP  USER 用户名  CASCADE

(3)与用户管理有关的数据字典视图

?USER_USERS

? ALL_USERS

? DBA_USERS

? USER_TS_QUOTAS


 DBA_TS_QUOTAS

   6.环境文件管理

?Sessions/User:限制一个用户的并发会话个数。

?CPU Time/Session :限制一次会话的CPU时间,单位:百分之一秒。

?CPU Time/Call:限制一次调用(一次语法分析、执行或获得)的CPU时间,单位:百分之一秒。

?Connect Time:限制一会话总的使用时间,单位:分。


 Idle Time:限制会话期间连接不活动周期,单位:分。长的运行查询和其它操作不受这个限制

?Logical Reads/Session:限制在一次会话中读的数据块的数目,包括从内存或磁盘读的块数。

?Logical Reads/Call:限制处理一个SQL语句(语法分析、执行和获取)一次调用所读的数据块的数目。

?Private SGA/Session:限制一次会话在SGA的共享池可分配的专用空间的数目,单位:bytes/Kbytes/Mbytes。

? Composite Limit:一次会话总的资源开销,以服务单位表示该参数的值。

删除环境文件

   DROP PROFILE环境文件名CASCADE 



Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database Apr 12, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

What to do if the oracle can't be opened What to do if the oracle can't be opened Apr 11, 2025 pm 10:06 PM

Solutions to Oracle cannot be opened include: 1. Start the database service; 2. Start the listener; 3. Check port conflicts; 4. Set environment variables correctly; 5. Make sure the firewall or antivirus software does not block the connection; 6. Check whether the server is closed; 7. Use RMAN to recover corrupt files; 8. Check whether the TNS service name is correct; 9. Check network connection; 10. Reinstall Oracle software.

Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Apr 12, 2025 am 12:17 AM

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

How to solve the problem of closing oracle cursor How to solve the problem of closing oracle cursor Apr 11, 2025 pm 10:18 PM

The method to solve the Oracle cursor closure problem includes: explicitly closing the cursor using the CLOSE statement. Declare the cursor in the FOR UPDATE clause so that it automatically closes after the scope is ended. Declare the cursor in the USING clause so that it automatically closes when the associated PL/SQL variable is closed. Use exception handling to ensure that the cursor is closed in any exception situation. Use the connection pool to automatically close the cursor. Disable automatic submission and delay cursor closing.

How to create cursors in oracle loop How to create cursors in oracle loop Apr 12, 2025 am 06:18 AM

In Oracle, the FOR LOOP loop can create cursors dynamically. The steps are: 1. Define the cursor type; 2. Create the loop; 3. Create the cursor dynamically; 4. Execute the cursor; 5. Close the cursor. Example: A cursor can be created cycle-by-circuit to display the names and salaries of the top 10 employees.

How to stop oracle database How to stop oracle database Apr 12, 2025 am 06:12 AM

To stop an Oracle database, perform the following steps: 1. Connect to the database; 2. Shutdown immediately; 3. Shutdown abort completely.

What steps are required to configure CentOS in HDFS What steps are required to configure CentOS in HDFS Apr 14, 2025 pm 06:42 PM

Building a Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) on a CentOS system requires multiple steps. This article provides a brief configuration guide. 1. Prepare to install JDK in the early stage: Install JavaDevelopmentKit (JDK) on all nodes, and the version must be compatible with Hadoop. The installation package can be downloaded from the Oracle official website. Environment variable configuration: Edit /etc/profile file, set Java and Hadoop environment variables, so that the system can find the installation path of JDK and Hadoop. 2. Security configuration: SSH password-free login to generate SSH key: Use the ssh-keygen command on each node

What to do if the oracle log is full What to do if the oracle log is full Apr 12, 2025 am 06:09 AM

When Oracle log files are full, the following solutions can be adopted: 1) Clean old log files; 2) Increase the log file size; 3) Increase the log file group; 4) Set up automatic log management; 5) Reinitialize the database. Before implementing any solution, it is recommended to back up the database to prevent data loss.

See all articles