访问数据库
一、JDBC:Java Data Base Connectivity(java数据库连接) 定义:它是为了java访问数据库编写的类和接口。包括核心包java.sql和扩展包javax.sql。 JDBC访问数据库的流程及原理: String sql = "select * from student"; Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driv
一、JDBC:Java Data Base Connectivity(java数据库连接)
定义:它是为了java访问数据库编写的类和接口。包括核心包java.sql和扩展包javax.sql。
JDBC访问数据库的流程及原理:
String sql = "select * from student"; Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); //1.加载指定数据库的驱动程序; Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/simplebbs","root","126"); //2.与数据库建立连接。 Statement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); //3.创建Statement对象。 //PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); stmt.executeQuery(sql);
1.加载指定数据库的驱动程序。
2.与数据库建立连接。通过java.sql包里的DriverManager类里的getConnection()方法。
3.创建Statement对象。通过Connection的对象conn调用createStatement()方法,或者conn.prepareStatement(sql)方法。
4.执行sql语句。通过Statement的对象执行sql语句。 查询:stmt.executeQuery(sql);修改:stmt.executeUpdate(sql)。
注意:PreparedStatement和Statement的区别?
二、DataSource(数据源配置):
通过DataSource配置数据库连接,把连接数据库当做它的属性配置在文件里。这样就比JDBC那种写在代码里的连接方式方便很多,容易修改。
三、连接池:
当频繁操作数据库时,就需要频繁的与数据库建立连接。而每次建立和断开连接都会消耗资源和时间,这样效率不高。为了提高效率,我们可以建立一个“池”,预先统一在“池”中建立很多连接,我们需要时,直接取出一个就行。这样就避免了分别建立多个连接时消耗的资源。(和线程池一样的思想。)

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