2012年计算机二级Access考前重点分析(2)
修改表结构 修改表结构的操作主要包括增加字段、删除宇段、修改字段、重新设置主键等。 1.添加字段 在表中添加一个新字段不会影响其它字段和现有数据。但利用该表建立的?询、窗体或报表,新字段不会自动加入,需要手工添加上去。 可以使用两种方法添加字段
修改表结构
修改表结构的操作主要包括增加字段、删除宇段、修改字段、重新设置主键等。
1.添加字段
在表中添加一个新字段不会影响其它字段和现有数据。但利用该表建立的?询、窗体或报表,新字段不会自动加入,需要手工添加上去。
可以使用两种方法添加字段。第一种是用表“设计”视图打开需要添加字段的表,然后将光标移动到要插入新字段的位置,单击工具栏上的“插入行”按纽,在新行的“字段名称”列中输入新字段名称,确定新字段数据类型。第二种是用“数据表”视图打开需要添加字段的表,然后选择“插入”菜单中的“列”命令,再双击新列中的字段名“字段1”,为该列输入唯一的名称。
2.修改字段
修改字段包括修改字段的名称、数据类型、说明、属性等。在“数据表”视图中,只能修改字段名,如果要改变其数据类型或定义字段的属性,需要切换到“设计”视图进行操作。具体方法是用表“设计”视图打开需要修改字段的表,如果要修改某字段名称,在该字段的“字段名称”列中,单击鼠标左键,然后修改字段名称;如果要修改某字段数据类型,单击该字段“数据类型”列右侧向下箭头按钮,然后从打开的下拉列表中选择需要的数据类型。
在Access中,“数据表”视图中字段列顶部的名称可以与字段的名称不相同。因为“数据表”视图中字段列顶部显示的名称来自于该字段的“标题”属性。如果“标题”属性中为空白,“数据表”视图中字段列顶部将显示对应字段的名称。如果“标题”属性中输入了新名称,该新名称将显示在“数据表”视图中相应字段列的顶部。
3.删除字段
与添加字段操作相似,删除字段也有两种方法。第一种是用表“设计”视图打开需要删除字段的表,然后将光标移到要删除字段行上;如果要选择一组连续的字段,可将鼠标指针拖过所选字段的字段选定器;如果要选择一组不连续的字段,可先选中要删除的某一个字段的字段选定器,然后按下Ctrl键不放,再单击每一个要删除字段的字段选定器,最后单击工具栏上的“删除行”按钮。第二种是用“数据表”视图打开需要删除字段的表,选中要删除的字段列,然后选择“编辑”菜单中“删除列”命令。
4.重新设置主键
如果已定义的主键不合适,可以重新定义。重新定义主键需要先删除已定义的主键,然后再定义新的主键,具体?作?骤如下:
(1)使用“设计”视图打开需要重新定义主键的表。
(2)单击主键所在行字段选定器,然后单击工具栏上的“主键”按钮。完成此步操作后, 系统将取消以前设置的主键。
(3)单击要设为主键的字段选定器,然后单击工具拦上的“主键”按钮,这时主键字段选定器上显示一个“主键”图标,表明该字段是主键字段。

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