实战技巧:goto语句的替代实现方式
曾几何时,goto是多么的让牛人绽放他们高超的精湛技术 曾几何时,goto又变成了万恶之首 曾几何时,goto只在教科书中的示例才会出现 有太多的理由不让用goto,但有时,我们又想使用goto的功能,怎么办? 用try/catch/finally便可实现同等于goto的功能,来看二
曾几何时,goto是多么的让牛人绽放他们高超的精湛技术
曾几何时,goto又变成了万恶之首
曾几何时,goto只在教科书中的示例才会出现
有太多的理由不让用goto,但有时,我们又想使用goto的功能,怎么办?
用try/catch/finally便可实现同等于goto的功能,来看二个示例:
try { // operation one if (failed) { throw Exception; } // operation two if (failed) { throw Exception; } // operation three if (failed) { throw Exception; } } catch (Exception e) { // do something when cases failed }
try { // operation one if (failed) { return; } // operation two if (failed) { return; } // operation three if (failed) { return; } } finally { // do something when failed }
// operation one if (failed) { goto when_failed; } // operation one if (failed) { goto when_failed; } // operation one if (failed) { goto when_failed; } when_failed: // do something when failed
用异常的方式有些暴力,但确实能正确的帮助实现类似goto的功能;用return和finally虽不是很暴力,但是比较难控制,因为涉及到return语句,它会在finally块执行后得以执行,所以如果不想退出程序的话,这个方法还不如用异常来控制。
另外,break, continue也是比较强大的跳转语句,特别是break label和continue label,可以跳出一层循环或是多层循环; 但是要注意一点的是break只能在循环语句和switch语句中使用,continue只能在循环语句中使用。所以它们的局限性也很大。
这个小示例说明,goto不单单是一个语句,它是一种解决问题的思路和编程习惯,习惯了它的人,或者是想用它的人,即使不用goto也会写出类似goto逻辑出来。它的优点是会更容易的帮助找出解决方案。它的缺点也是众人皆知。但我们要避免的不单单是一个goto语句,而是这种“跳转式”的解决思路和编程习惯。

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