数据库的各种连接查询你是否真了解
数据库的各种连接查询你是否真了解 下面就让我们来做个小测试,一一探查常用数据库的连接原理。 --数据测试环境准备: SQL create table t1(a int); Table created SQL create table t2(b int); Table created SQL insert into t1 values(1); 1 row inserted
数据库的各种连接查询你是否真了解
下面就让我们来做个小测试,一一探查常用数据库的连接原理。
--数据测试环境准备:
SQL> create table t1(a int);
Table created
SQL> create table t2(b int);
Table created
SQL> insert into t1 values(1);
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into t1 values(2);
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into t1 values(3);
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into t2 values(1);
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1 row inserted
SQL> insert into t2 values(2);
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into t2 values(4);
1 row inserted
SQL> commit;
Commit complete
--内连接,符合条件的行列出,可以看作是两个表的交集
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1 inner join t2 on t1.a=t2.b;
A B
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
1 1
2 2
--交叉连接,即返回两个表的笛卡尔积
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1 cross join t2;
A B
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
1 1
1 2
1 4
2 1
2 2
2 4
3 1
3 2
3 4
--最常用的连接查询,即从两个表的笛卡尔积两进行条件过滤,功能等同inner join,但是效率要底于inner join
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1, t2 where t1.a=t2.b;
A B
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
1 1
2 2
--全连接,符合条件行列出,不符合条件的行也列出,可以看作是两个表的交集
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1 full join t2 on t1.a=t2.b;
A B
---------- ----------
1 1
2 2
3
4
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--以最左边表的行数为基准,左表的记录将会全部表示出来,而右表只会显示符合搜索条件的记录,右表记录不足的地方均为NULL
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1 left outer join t2 on t1.a=t2.b;
A B
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
1 1
2 2
3
--同上
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1 left join t2 on t1.a=t2.b;
A B
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
1 1
2 2
3
www.2cto.com
--以最右边表的行数为基准,右表的记录将会全部表示出来,而左表只会显示符合搜索条件的记录,左表记录不足的地方均为NULL
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1 right outer join t2 on t1.a=t2.b;
A B
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
1 1
2 2
4
--同上
SQL> select t1.*,t2.* from t1 right join t2 on t1.a=t2.b;
A B
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
1 1
2 2
4
注意了:以后各种连接可不要乱用了哦。

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