mysql的三个故障解决小结
mysql使用过程中经常会遇到的三个故障,在此小结一下。 1、MySQl服务无法启动 我们在使用mysql的过程中,常会遇到MySQl服务无法启动,具体报错信息:Starting MySQL ERROR.The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED]l/mysql/) 对这样的错误,网上
mysql使用过程中经常会遇到的三个故障,在此小结一下。
1、MySQl服务无法启动
我们在使用mysql的过程中,常会遇到MySQl服务无法启动,具体报错信息:Starting MySQL ERROR.The server quit without updating PID file (/[FAILED]l/mysql/)
对这样的错误,网上的分析解释有很多,有人分析把skip-federated这个参数屏蔽就可以了,也有人认为删除mysql-bin.index这个文件就可以启动服务。或者检查MYSQL日志,如果提示有参数配置错误,也很容易导致这个错误。
当然导致此错误的原因有很多,解决办法也有很多,比较快速有效的解决办法就是做好数据库备份,然后只需如下两步,就可快速使数据库恢复正常。
进入MYSQL安装位置下的scripts目录,执行
./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/mysql/data --user=mysql (初始化MYSQL数据库)
然后再执行 ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/var/mysql/data & (安全启动模式)
这时候就可正常启动MYSQL了。
(注:参数可根据mysql实际的安装目录和数据目录进行调整)
2、配置MYSQL同步时的Slave_IO_Running状态异常
在配置MYSQL同步时,丛机显示:
Slave_IO_Running: Connecting
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
确保两台MYSQL主机网络是互通的。当出现这种错误时,没有显示正常状态的YES,这个问题主要是因为授权出现错误或不匹配。
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to test@192.168.199.119 identified by 'test@123456';
比如授权的用户不匹配或授权的从机IP不对,都会出现Connecting这个显示。
通过show slave status\G 命令,仔细观察这两个显示状态,都为YES才正常。
3、配置MYSQL同步时的Slave_SQL_Running状态异常
在配置MYSQL同步时,丛机显示:
Slave_IO_Running: YES
Slave_SQL_Running: No
这个问题一般有两个原因:
A.程序可能在slave上进行了写操作
B.也可能是slave机器重起后,事务回滚造成的.
解决办法一:
mysql> slave stop;
mysql> set GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1; (在start slave时,从当前位置起,跳过一个event。)
mysql> slave start;
解决办法二、
首先停掉Slave服务:slave stop
到主服务器上查看主机状态:
记录File和Position对应的值
进入master
mysql> show master status;
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| localhost-bin.000009 | 33622483 | weichat | mysql,test |
+----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
然后到slave服务器上执行手动同步:
mysql> change master to
> master_host='master_ip',
> master_user='user',
> master_password='pwd',
> master_port=3306,
> master_log_file=localhost-bin.000009',
> master_log_pos=326 ;
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> slave start;
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
........
Master_Log_File: localhost-bin.000009
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 326
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000027
Relay_Log_Pos: 1014014
Relay_Master_Log_File: localhost-bin.000009
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: weichat
手动同步需要先停止master的写操作!
注:
Slave_IO_Running:连接到主库,并读取主库的日志到本地,生成本地日志文件
Slave_SQL_Running:读取本地日志文件,并执行日志里的SQL命令。
解决MYSQL问题的思路:
1:首先检查错误日志,找到最近的错误.查看问题出现在哪.
2:修改my.cnf中的参数配置,但是请注意,修改的时候一定要记清楚那些地方修改了,方便之后做出更加正确合理的修改.
在配置参数的时候一定要高度重视innodb引擎参数的配置,它是极易导致错误的关键所在.
3、关键目录的权限要注意
4:正常启动服务.
不能正常启动MYSQL的原因有很多种,当然具体问题要具体分析,不过分析错误日志会帮助我们定位问题的原因,从而快速解决问题.

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