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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 为什么memcache的incr不会出现并发的问题?

为什么memcache的incr不会出现并发的问题?

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:33 PM
memcached php redis

为什么呢?都说他是原子性的,我理解的是原子性就是要么全提交要么不提交,但感觉这和并发没有关系啊,比如,第一个人用incr的时候这个时候是1但还没加完呢,这个时候第二个人来了,他还是1,这个时候第一个加成2,第二个可能还是2,我不知道理解对么,除非他是第一个用的时候把读锁住了,等待第二个读完才能继续,在线等大神帮我解除疑惑~

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为什么呢?都说他是原子性的,我理解的是原子性就是要么全提交要么不提交,但感觉这和并发没有关系啊,比如,第一个人用incr的时候这个时候是1但还没加完呢,这个时候第二个人来了,他还是1,这个时候第一个加成2,第二个可能还是2,我不知道理解对么,除非他是第一个用的时候把读锁住了,等待第二个读完才能继续,在线等大神帮我解除疑惑~

防止并发的问题,memcached 提供了CAS (chech and save) 方式,在get 时候获取对应值的同时还获取当前key 对应的token(或者叫版本号),在更新操作时候需要带上token,会比较当前的token,是否和get时的一直,如果不一致就更新失败。如果由于其他人对当前key操作,token值就会发生变化。
php的参考代码如下:

<code>$cas = 0.0;

do {
    $cnt = $m->get('cnt_key', null, $cas);

    if ($m->getResultCode() == Memcached::RES_NOTFOUND) {
        $m->add('cnt_key', 1);
    } else { 
        $m->cas($cas, 'cnt_key', $cnt + 1);
    }   
} while ($m->getResultCode() != Memcached::RES_SUCCESS);

</code>
Copy after login

注意上面代码中的 get 方法中有一个$cas 参数,这个就是当前cnt_key对应的token,一旦 cnt_key 被操作后,其值也发生变化。在cas方法中需要传递$cas值,如果token发生变化,那么cas 将会执行失败,也即 $m->getResultCode() != Memcached::RES_SUCCESS。所以将会再次执行循环体。

这个是在memcached 客户端做的。对于incr,保证原子性,是在memcached服务端完成的,原理应该类似上述的cas操作,由于没有查看memcached的源代码,不敢妄下结论。

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