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基于在生产环境中使用php性能测试工具xhprof的详解

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:30 PM
php

本篇文章是对在生产环境中使用php性能测试工具xhprof进行了详细的分析介绍,需要的朋友参考下

xhprof 是facebook开源出来的一个php性能测试工具,也可以称之为profile工具,这个词不知道怎么翻译才比较达意。跟之前一直使用的xdebug相比,有很多类似之处。以前对xdebug有一些记录还可以供参考,但是它的缺点是对性能影响太大,即便是开启了profiler_enable_trigger参数,用在生产环境中也是惨不忍睹,cpu立刻就飙到high。
而xhprof就显得很轻量,是否记录profile可以由程序控制,因此,用在生产环境中也就成为一种可能。在它的文档上可以看到这样一种用法:
以万分之一的几率启用xhprof,平时悄悄的不打枪。

复制代码 代码如下:


if (mt_rand(1, 10000) == 1) {
xhprof_enable(XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY);
$xhprof_on = true;
}


在程序结尾处调用方法保存profile

复制代码 代码如下:


if ($xhprof_on) {
// stop profiler
$xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();

// save $xhprof_data somewhere (say a central DB)
...
}


也可以用register_shutdown_function方法指定在程序结束时保存xhprof信息,这样就免去了结尾处判断,给个改写的不完整例子:

复制代码 代码如下:


if (mt_rand(1, 10000) == 1) {
xhprof_enable(XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY);
register_shutdown_function(create_funcion('', "$xhprof_data = xhprof_disable(); save $xhprof_data;"));
}


至于日志,虚拟主机,我暂时用的是最土的文件形式保存,定期清除即可。
BTW:xhprof生成的图形方式profile真是酷毙了,哪段代码成为瓶颈,一目了然。
by phpe:下面是一个例图:



关于改善xhprof使用情况的设想
自从去年将xhprof用在生产环境以来,对生产环境的程序调试,性能优化都带来很多便利。但是在使用过程中,还是有一些细节需要改善。
问题
xhprof的profile日志直接以文件形式保存在生产服务器上,需要定时清理,或者收集起来移动到查看日志的工具机上。
由于xhprof生成的profile是一个大数组,网站空间,所以保存到文件时使用了标准的php serialize,日志文件偏大,一个不留神就容易占用很多服务器磁盘空间。
查看日志列表时,香港空间,一个个点开查看比较费劲。
针对这几个问题,我有一些小小的设想。
日志存放
部署一个中央日志服务器,采用facebook的scribe来收集日志。生产环境的服务器产生的xhprof日志,都写入到scribe的客户端,由客户端自动同步到中央日志服务器的scribe上,不占用本地的存储空间。在代码上的改动也比较小,只要基于iXHProfRuns接口实现一个XhprofRuns类,调整save_run方法的存储方式即可。
更换序列化方法
xhprof默认是将profile信息用php原生的序列化方法处理后进行保存,而我在前两天比较过igbinary vs serialize vs json_encode的性能和占用字节数,这个测试里igbinary在各方面都有一定优势,尤其是占用存储空间会大幅度减小,所以我只要更换序列化方法为igbinary_serialize即可获得改善。
优化列表展示
我已经厌倦挨个查看profile日志的大图,费时费力还没有针对性。所以我现在的做法是,在profile日志的列表中将前1000个日志的总体执行时间直接输出到列表中,并且将执行时间过长的日志用红色粗体标识。做了这个小小的改动之后,当我想要去视察一下运行情况时,就把日志列表中那些红通通的链接点开看看就行了,真正的省时省力。
如何从xhprof日志文件中获取执行时间?简单的代码如下

复制代码 代码如下:


/**
* 由xhprof日志获得执行时间
*
* @param string $log xhprof日志的文件路径
* @return int 执行时间
*/
function getSpentTime($log) {
$profile = unserialize(file_get_contents($log));
return $profile['main()']['wt'] / 1000;
}


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