拥有一个属于自己的javascript表单验证插件_javascript技巧

自己编写了一个表单验证插件，使用起来很简单，以后还可以扩展更多的功能，比如ajax验证。

每个需要验证的表单元素下面有一个span标签，这个标签的class有一个valid表示需要验证，如果有nullable则表示可为空；rule表示验证规则，msg表示错误提示信息；to表示要验证的元素的name值，如果元素是单个的，to可以不写。该插件会遍历每个有valid的span标签，找出它前面需要验证的元素，根据rule验证，如果验证不通过，则显示边框为红色，鼠标放在元素上时显示错误信息。

 验证时机：1、点击提交按钮时显式调用验证方法；2、当元素触发blur时验证。

插件代码：

CSS：

.failvalid
{
 border: solid 2px red !important;
}

JS：

/**
* 验证插件
*/

SimpoValidate = {
 //验证规则
 rules: {
  int: /^[1-9]\d*$/,
  number: /^[+-]?\d*\.?\d+$/
 },

 //初始化
 init: function () {
  $("span[class*='valid']").each(function () { //遍历span
   var validSpan = $(this);
   var to = validSpan.attr("to");
   var target;
   if (to) {
    target = $("input[name='" + to + "'],select[name='" + to + "'],textarea[name='" + to + "']");
   } else {
    var target = validSpan.prev();
   }
   if (target) {
    target.blur(function () {
     SimpoValidate.validOne(target, validSpan);
    });
   }
  });
 },

 //验证全部，验证成功返回true
 valid: function () {
  var bl = true;

  $("span[class*='valid']").each(function () { //遍历span
   var validSpan = $(this);
   var to = validSpan.attr("to");
   var target;
   if (to) {
    target = $("input[name='" + to + "'],select[name='" + to + "'],textarea[name='" + to + "']");
   } else {
    target = validSpan.prev();
   }
   if (target) {
    if (!SimpoValidate.validOne(target, validSpan)) {
     bl = false;
    }
   }
  });

  return bl;
 },

 //单个验证，验证成功返回true
 validOne: function (target, validSpan) {
  SimpoValidate.removehilight(target, msg);

  var rule = SimpoValidate.getRule(validSpan);
  var msg = validSpan.attr("msg");
  var nullable = validSpan.attr("class").indexOf("nullable") == -1 ? false : true; //是否可为空
  var to = validSpan.attr("to");

  if (target) {
   //checkbox或radio
   if (target[0].tagName.toLowerCase() == "input" && target.attr("type") && (target.attr("type").toLowerCase() == "checkbox" || target.attr("type").toLowerCase() == "radio")) {
    var checkedInput = $("input[name='" + to + "']:checked");
    if (!nullable) {
     if (checkedInput.length == 0) {
      SimpoValidate.hilight(target, msg);
      return false;
     }
    }
   }

   //input或select
   if (target[0].tagName.toLowerCase() == "input" || target[0].tagName.toLowerCase() == "select") {
    var val = target.val();
    if (!nullable) {
     if ($.trim(val) == "") {
      SimpoValidate.hilight(target, msg);
      return false;
     }
    }
    else {
     if ($.trim(val) == "") {
      SimpoValidate.removehilight(target, msg);
      return true;
     }
    }

    if (rule) {
     var reg = new RegExp(rule);
     if (!reg.test(val)) {
      SimpoValidate.hilight(target, msg);
      return false;
     }
    }
   }
   else if (target[0].tagName.toLowerCase() == "textarea") {
    var val = target.text();
    if (!nullable) {
     if ($.trim(val) == "") {
      SimpoValidate.hilight(target, msg);
      return false;
     }
    }
    else {
     if ($.trim(val) == "") {
      SimpoValidate.removehilight(target, msg);
      return true;
     }
    }

    if (rule) {
     var reg = new RegExp(rule);
     if (!reg.test(val)) {
      SimpoValidate.hilight(target, msg);
      return false;
     }
    }
   }
  }

  return true;
 },

 //获取验证规则
 getRule: function (validSpan) {
  var rule = validSpan.attr("rule");
  switch ($.trim(rule)) {
   case "int":
    return this.rules.int;
   case "number":
    return this.rules.number;
   default:
    return rule;
    break;
  }
 },

 //红边框及错误提示
 hilight: function (target, msg) {
  target.addClass("failvalid");
  target.bind("mouseover", function (e) {
   SimpoValidate.tips(target, msg, e);
  });
  target.bind("mouseout", function () {
   SimpoValidate.removetips();
  });
 },

 //取消红边框及错误提示
 removehilight: function (target) {
  target.unbind("mouseover");
  target.unbind("mouseout");
  target.removeClass("failvalid");
  SimpoValidate.removetips();
 },

 //显示提示
 tips: function (target, text, e) {
  var divtipsstyle = "position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; background-color: #dceaf2; padding: 3px; border: solid 1px #6dbde4; visibility: hidden; line-height:20px; ";
  $("body").append("<div class='div-tips' style='" + divtipsstyle + "'>" + text + "</div>");

  var divtips = $(".div-tips");
  divtips.css("visibility", "visible");

  var top = e.clientY + $(window).scrollTop() - divtips.height() - 18;
  var left = e.clientX;
  divtips.css("top", top);
  divtips.css("left", left);

  $(target).mousemove(function (e) {
   var top = e.clientY + $(window).scrollTop() - divtips.height() - 18;
   var left = e.clientX;
   divtips.css("top", top);
   divtips.css("left", left);
  });
 },

 //移除提示
 removetips: function () {
  $(".div-tips").remove();
 }
};

$(function () {
 SimpoValidate.init();
});

如何使用：

1、引用CSS和JS(必须引用jQuery)：

<link type="text/css" href="~/Scripts/SimpoValidate.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="~/Scripts/ValidateUtil.js"></script>

2、表单HTML代码(部分代码)：

<table class="table-test" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;">
 <tr>
  <td>
   <input name="c" value="" type="text" />
   <span class="valid nullable" rule="int" msg="可为空，请填写正整数"></span>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td>
   <input name="d" value="" type="text" />
   <span class="valid" rule="number" msg="必填，请填写数字"></span>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td>
   <select>
    <option value="-1">==请选择==</option>
    <option value="1">是</option>
    <option value="2">否</option>
   </select>
   <span class="valid" rule="^(&#63;!-1$).+$" msg="必选"></span>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td>
   <input name="a" value="1" type="checkbox" />
   <span>多</span>
   <input name="a" value="2" type="checkbox" />
   <span>少</span>
   <span class="valid" rule="" msg="必选" to="a"></span>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td>
   <input name="b" value="1" type="radio" />
   <span>狗</span>
   <input name="b" value="2" type="radio" />
   <span>猫</span>
   <span class="valid" rule="" msg="必选" to="b"></span>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td>
   <textarea cols="20" rows="5" style="height: 50px; width: 300px;"></textarea>
   <span class="valid nullable" rule="^(.|\n){5,100}$" msg="可为空，长度必须大于等于5小于等于100"></span>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

3、执行验证JS代码：

//保存数据
function save() {
 if (SimpoValidate.valid()) { //执行验证
  $("#frm").submit(); //提交表单
 }
}

效果图：

以上就是作者自己动手编写的javascript表单验证插件，希望能够帮助到大家。