golang forced type conversion

Golang is a statically typed language, and the data type of variables is determined during compilation. Therefore, forced type conversion is required when converting between different data types.

Coercive type conversion is to convert a value of one type to another type. The most common is to convert a numeric data type to a string data type for formatting, or to convert multiple integers. When calculating numbers, some of them need to be type converted to produce correct calculation results.

In Golang, you can use syntax (type)value to perform forced type conversion. Among them, type represents the data type to be converted, and value represents the variable to be type converted. For example, converting a variable of type int to type float64 can be achieved through the following code:

var a int = 3
var b float64 = float64(a)

Here, by forcing the variable a of type int to type float64, the result is assigned to the corresponding variable b.

When performing forced type conversion, you need to pay attention to the following points:

1. Compatibility of data types.

Conversion between different data types in Golang must be compatible, and forced type conversion of incompatible data types is not allowed. For example, you cannot convert a string type variable to an integer data type.

2. Precision loss of data type.

During the data type conversion process, precision loss is a very common problem. For example, when converting a float type data to an int type, the value after the decimal point will be omitted, which may result in loss of precision and calculation errors.

3. Limitations of string type.

String types cannot be directly converted to numeric data types. You need to use the functions provided by the strconv package to convert between string types and numeric data types, such as strconv.ParseInt(), strconv.ParseFloat() etc.

The following is a complete sample program that demonstrates how to perform forced type conversion:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var a int = 3
    var b float64 = float64(a)
    var c int64 = int64(a)

    fmt.Printf("a type: %T, value: %d
", a, a)
    fmt.Printf("b type: %T, value: %f
", b, b)
    fmt.Printf("c type: %T, value: %d
", c, c)

    var str string = "100"
    num, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("convert error")
        return
    }
    fmt.Printf("num type: %T, value: %d
", num, num)
}

Finally, forced type conversion is a very important part of Golang. Only by understanding and mastering forced type conversion Only with relevant knowledge can you better use Golang language for programming.

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