How to implement restful login in golang

With the rapid development of the Internet, more and more applications use RESTful interfaces. Simplicity, efficiency, and ease of use have become the main reasons for the popularity of RESTful interfaces. Golang is a programming language similar to C language and has become a very popular programming language in the Internet field. In this article, we will explain how golang implements the RESTful login interface.

RESTful interface is an API interface based on HTTP protocol and REST architectural style. The RESTful interface mainly uses HTTP verbs and URIs to describe operations on resources, and uses JSON format to transmit data. Therefore, before implementing the RESTful login interface, we need to clarify the meaning of HTTP verbs and URIs.

HTTP verb:

• GET: Get resource information
• POST: Create a new resource
• PUT: Update the resource
• DELETE : Delete resource

URI format:

HTTP动词 /模块名称/资源类型/资源ID

The following is a simple golang program example for implementing a RESTful login interface:

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

//定义user结构体
type User struct {
    Username string `json:"username"`
    Password string `json:"password"`
}

//模拟数据源
var users = []User{
    User{"admin", "123456"},
    User{"guest", "123456"},
}

//登录接口
func loginHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    //获取HTTP请求中的用户名和密码
    var user User
    err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&user)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
        return
    }
    //验证用户名和密码
    for _, u := range users {
        if u.Username == user.Username && u.Password == user.Password {
            w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
            return
        }
    }
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
}

func main() {
    //注册登录接口
    http.HandleFunc("/api/login", loginHandler)

    //启动服务
    err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
    }
}

As shown above, we A simple RESTful login interface was written using Golang. This interface uses JSON format to transmit data and can verify the received username and password. If the verification is successful, it returns HTTP status code 200, otherwise it returns 401.

Next, we will analyze this code step by step:

Define the User structure

type User struct {
    Username string `json:"username"`
    Password string `json:"password"`
}

The User structure is defined here, which contains two Properties: Username and Password. Note that the json:"xxx" format tag is used here to identify the JSON name of the attribute.

Mock data source

var users = []User{
    User{"admin", "123456"},
    User{"guest", "123456"},
}

Here, instead of using a real database, we create a mock data source for simulating multiple users.

Login interface

func loginHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    var user User
    err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&user)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
        return
    }
    for _, u := range users {
        if u.Username == user.Username && u.Password == user.Password {
            w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
            return
        }
    }
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
}

This function receives the HTTP request and extracts the username and password from the request. Next, verify that the entered username and password are correct by traversing the existing users in the simulated data source. If the verification is successful, HTTP status code 200 is returned, otherwise 401 is returned.

Register login interface

http.HandleFunc("/api/login", loginHandler)

This code means registering a /login interface. When a matching HTTP request arrives, the loginHandler processing function will be called for processing.

Start service

err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)

This code means starting an HTTP service, listening to port 8080, and processing HTTP requests. If the startup is successful, the HTTP service will continue to run, waiting for the arrival of HTTP requests.

So far, we have successfully implemented a RESTful login interface written in Golang, which can verify the entered user name and password and return the corresponding HTTP status code. RESTful interface is a very important technology. By defining unified URI and HTTP verbs, the calling and use of the interface can be greatly simplified. In practical applications, we should combine Golang's own characteristics and rationally use related libraries and frameworks to achieve a more efficient and concise RESTful interface.

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