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排序算法之冒泡排序 C++和PHP实现

Jun 23, 2016 pm 01:44 PM

冒泡排序就是把小的元素往前调或者把大的元素往后调。比较是相邻的两个元素比较,交换也发生在这两个元素之间。是 最慢的排序算法。在实际运用中它是效率最低的算法。

时间复杂度:

它是最差时间复杂度为:O(n^2),冒泡排序最好的 时间复杂度 为:O (n^2) ,平均时间复杂度为 :O(n^2)

算法原理:

    1.  比较相邻的元素。如果第一个比第二个大,就交换他们两个。

    2.  对每一对相邻元素作同样的工作,从开始第一对到结尾的最后一对。在这一点,最后的元素应该会是最大的数。

    3.  针对所有的元素重复以上的步骤,除了最后一个。

    4.  持续每次对越来越少的元素重复上面的步骤,直到没有任何一对数字需要比较

算法稳定性:

冒 泡排序就是把小的元素往前调或者把大的元素往后调。比较是相邻的两个元素比较,交换也发生在这两个元素之间。所以,如果两个元素相等,我想你是不会再无聊 地把他们俩交换一下的;如果两个相等的元素没有相邻,那么即使通过前面的两两交换把两个相邻起来,这时候也不会交换,所以相同元素的前后顺序并没有改变, 所以冒泡排序是一种稳定排序算法。


php代码:

<?php $n = 8; $min = 1; $max = 100; $data = createData($n, $min, $max); echo "随机生成数组:"; print_r($data); echo "<br />"; bubble_sort($data, $n);     //生成一个随机数组成的不重复数组 function createData($n, $min, $max){     $bigarr = range($min, $max);  $arrkey = array_rand($bigarr, $n); //返回键名  for($i=0; $i<count return function bubble_sort for if break echo print_r></count>";  }  echo "排序后的结果:";  print_r($data); }?>
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运行结果:



c++代码:

#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<time.h>using namespace std;int createData(int arr[], int n, int min, int max);void bubble_sort(int *a, int n);int main(){    int arr[100];    int n=6;    int min=2;    int max=12;    createData(arr, n, min, max);    for (int i=0; i<n i cout arr endl bubble_sort n for j="0;" return createdata int min max srand do num="min" rand flag="0;" if bool k="n;" while> a[i])            {                int tmp = a[i];                a[i] = a[i-1];                a[i-1] = tmp;                flag = true;            }        }        k--;    }}</n></time.h></stdlib.h></iostream>
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运行结果:



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