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php中的类、对象学习笔记

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:51 AM
php introduce exist study object article usage of notes kind detailed For

本文章来给大家介绍在php面向对象的一些用法详细,这里主要是讲到php中的类、对象学习笔记,希望对各位同学会有所帮助。

面向对象思想

面向对象程序设计(Object-Oriented Programming,OOP)是一种程序设计范型,同事也是一种程序开发方法。它将对象作为程序的基本单元,将程序和数据封装其中,以提高软件的重用性、灵活性和可扩展性。

面向过程、面向对象以及函数式编程被人们称为编程语言中的三大范式(实际上,面向过程与面向对象都同属于命令式编程),是三种不同编码和设计风格。其中面向对象的核心思想是对象、封装、可重用性和可扩展性。

面向对象是一种更高级、更抽象的思维方式,面向过程虽然也是一种抽象,但面向过程是一种基础的抽象,面向对象又是建立在面向过程以上的更高层次的抽象,因此面向对象的理解也就不是那么容易了。

类是我们队一组对象的描述

在php里,每个类的定义都以关键字class开头,后面跟着类名,紧接着一对花括号,里面包含有类成员和方法的定义。如下代码所示

 代码如下 复制代码

class person{
    public $name;
    public $gender;
    public function say(){
        echo $this->name."is ".$this->gender;
    }
}

接下来就可以产生这个类的实例:

 代码如下 复制代码

$student = new person();
$student->name="Tome";
$student->gender= "male";
$student->say();
$teacher= new person();
$teacher->name="kati";
$teacher->gender= "female";
$teacher->say();

这段代码则实例化了person类,产生了一个student对象和teacher对象的实例。实际上也就是从抽象到具体的过程。

对类和对象的一些理解:

类定义了一系列的属性和方法,并提供了实际的操作细节,这些方法可以用来对属性进行加工。
对象含有类属性的具体值,这就是类的实例化。正是由于属性的不同,才能区分不同的对象。在上面例子里,由于student和teacher的性别和姓名不一样,才得以区分开二人。
类与对象的关系类似一种服务于被服务、加工与被加工的关系,具体而言,就如同原材料与流水线的关系。只需要在对象上调用类中所存在的方法,就可以对类的属性进行加工,并且展现其功能。
打印student对象

 代码如下 复制代码

print_r((array)$student);
var_dump($student);

序列化对象

 代码如下 复制代码

$str = serialize($student);
echo $str;
file_put_contents('store.txt',$str);

输出结果:

0:6:"person":2:{s:4:"name";s:3:"Tom";s:6:"gender";s:4:"mail";}

反序列化对象

 代码如下 复制代码

$str = file_get_contents('store.txt');
$student = unserialize($str);
$student->say();

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