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PHP数字字符串左侧补0、字符串填充和自动补齐的几种方法

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:35 AM
php

一、数字补0.


如果要自动生成学号,自动生成某某编号,就像这样的形式“d0000009”、“d0000027”时,那么就会面临一个问题,怎么把左边用0补齐成这样8位数的编码呢?我想到了两种方法实现这个功能。

方法一:

先构造一个数字10000000,千万,也就是一个1,7个0,然后加上当前的编号(比如是3),那么就得到 10000003,用字符串截取 substr('10000003',1,7)后就得到0000003,最后在与“d”拼接,就得到了最终的编号d0000003。

源码如下:

复制代码 代码如下:


 $num = 3;
 $temp_num = 10000000;
 $new_num = $num + $temp_num;
 $real_num = "d".substr($new_num,1,7); //即截取掉最前面的“1”
 echo $real_num;
?>

方法二:

测出当前编号(比如是3)的长度strlen('3')=1,用要生成编号的总长度减去当前编号长度,得到需要填充0的个数,然后再用for循环填充0即可。

源码如下:

复制代码 代码如下:


 $num = 3;
 $bit = 7;//产生7位数的数字编号
 $num_len = strlen($num);
 $zero = '';
 for($i=$num_len; $i  $zero .= "0";
 }
 $real_num = "d".$zero.$num;
 echo $real_num;
?>


方法三:另外几种方法

复制代码 代码如下:


    $sourceNumber = "1";
    $newNumber = substr(strval($sourceNumber+1000),1,3);
    echo "$newNumber";
?>
/*这个时候就会出现:001
如果要增加位数的话可以将1000加大,然后把3也加大。
举例:如果我要补上 "4个0" 第03行 就要变成这样。*/

复制代码 代码如下:


    $newNumber = substr(strval($sourceNumber+100000),1,5);
?>
/*其实就是总共要显示几位数字,就把$sourceNumber+1后面补上多少个0,最后一个数字就直接改成显示几位数字。*/

复制代码 代码如下:


/*string str_pad ( string $input, int $pad_length [, string $pad_string [, int $pad_type]] )*/
$input = "Alien";
echo str_pad($input, 10);
// produces "Alien "
echo str_pad($input, 10, "-=", STR_PAD_LEFT);
// produces "-=-=-Alien"
echo str_pad($input, 10, "_", STR_PAD_BOTH);
// produces "__Alien___"
echo str_pad($input, 6 , "___");
// produces "Alien_"
?>
/*补齐字符串的长度.以pad_string 补.默认补在右边,如果STR_PAD_LEFT就补到左边,STR_PAD_BOTH两边一起补。下次用str_pad,毕竟是内置的,肯定比自定义的快。*/

复制代码 代码如下:


/*
你上面的方法我觉得不怎么好,介绍一下我写的一个方法。方法函数如下,这样当你要的结果001的话,方法:dispRepair('1',3,'0')
功能:补位函数
str:原字符串
type:类型,0为后补,1为前补
len:新字符串长度
msg:填补字符
*/
function dispRepair($str,$len,$msg,$type='1') {
  $length = $len - strlen($str);
  if($length  if ($type == 1) {
    $str = str_repeat($msg,$length).$str;
  } else {
    $str .= str_repeat($msg,$length);
  }
  return $str;
}


二、字符串填充、自动补齐、自动补全

遇到要输出一定长度字符串的时候,可以使用一下两种方法进行PHP字符串自动填充、自动补全 。

方法一:

复制代码 代码如下:

$newStr= sprintf('%05s', $str);

sprintf()的功能非常灵活,上面的格式字符串中,“%05s ”表示输出成长度为5的字符串,如果长度不足,左边以零补全;如果写成 “%5s ”,则默认以空格补全;如果希望使用其它字符补全,则要在该字符前加上单引号,即形如“%'#5s ”的表示以井号补全;最后,如果希望补全发生在 字符串右边,则在百分号后加上减号,“%-05s ”。

方法二:

[code]$cd_no = str_pad(++$next_cd_no,8,'#',STR_PAD_LEFT);

str_pad(string,length,pad_string,pad_type):具体用法查看手册。

string    必需。规定要填充的字符串。
length    必需。规定新字符串的长度。如果该值小于原始字符串的长度,则不进行任何操作。
pad_string    可选。规定供填充使用的字符串。默认是空白。
pad_type    可选。规定填充字符串的那边。

这两种方法很方便的实现了PHP字符串的自动补全功能。

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