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PHP PDO 学习笔记

Jun 08, 2016 pm 05:31 PM
dll pdo php

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■PDO为何物?
POD(PHP Data Object)扩展在PHP5中加入,PHP6中将默认识用PDO连接数据库,所有非PDO扩展将会在PHP6被从扩展中移除。该扩展提供PHP内置类 PDO来对数据库进行访问,不同数据库使用相同的方法名,解决数据库连接不统一的问题。
我是配置在windows下做开发用的。
■PDO的目标
  • 提供一种轻型、清晰、方便的 API
  • 统一各种不同 RDBMS 库的共有特性,但不排除更高级的特性。
  • 通过 PHP 脚本提供可选的较大程度的抽象/兼容性。
  • ■PDO的特点:
  • 性能。PDO 从一开始就吸取了现有数据库扩展成功和失败的经验教训。因为 PDO 的代码是全新的,所以我们有机会重新开始设计性能,以利用 PHP 5 的最新特性。
  • 能力。PDO 旨在将常见的数据库功能作为基础提供,同时提供对于 RDBMS 独特功能的方便访问。
  • 简单。PDO 旨在使您能够轻松使用数据库。API 不会强行介入您的代码,同时会清楚地表明每个函数调用的过程。
  • 运行时可扩展。PDO 扩展是模块化的,使您能够在运行时为您的数据库后端加载驱动程序,而不必重新编译或重新安装整个 PHP 程序。例如,PDO_OCI 扩展会替代 PDO 扩展实现 Oracle 数据库 API。还有一些用于 MySQL、PostgreSQL、ODBC 和 Firebird 的驱动程序,更多的驱动程序尚在开发。

    ■安装PDO
    我这里是WINDOWS下开发用的PDO扩展,要是你要在Linux下安装配置,请到别的地方寻找。
    版本要求:
    php5.1以及以后版本的程序包里已经带了;
    php5.0.x则要到pecl.php.net下载,放到你的扩展库,就是PHP所在的文件夹的ext文件夹下;
    手册上说5.0之前的版本不能运行PDO扩展。

    配置:
    修改你的php.ini配置文件,使它支持pdo.(php.ini这个东西没有弄懂的话,先弄清楚,要修改调用你的phpinfo()函数所显示的那个php.ini)

    extension=php_pdo.dll前面的分号去掉,分毫是php配置文件注释符号,这个扩展是必须的。
    往下还有
    ;extension=php_pdo.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_firebird.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_informix.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_mssql.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_oci.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_oci8.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_odbc.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_pgsql.dll
    ;extension=php_pdo_sqlite.dll

    各各扩展所对应的数据库是:

    Driver name Supported databases
    PDO_DBLIB FreeTDS / Microsoft SQL Server / Sybase
    PDO_FIREBIRD Firebird/Interbase 6
    PDO_INFOR
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