Home Database Mysql Tutorial 数据库运维做些什么

数据库运维做些什么

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:41 PM
dba database Operation and maintenance

一.数据库生命周期结合软件生命周期、项目的开展,数据库的生命周期,大致可分为这么几个阶段。1.规划在立项后,对于数据库平台的软硬件选型,以及大致的数据库

. 数据库生命周期

结合软件生命周期、项目的开展,数据库的生命周期,大致可分为这么几个阶段。


 数据库运维做些什么

1. 规划

在立项后,对于数据库平台的软硬件选型,以及大致的数据库架构。

1.1 配置多少台服务器,服务器的内存大小/磁盘空间、IOPS/CPU核数/网络带宽等;

1.2 选择的操作系统与数据库产品,及相应版本;

1.3 整体架构,比如是否考虑:HA,Scale out, load balance, 读写分离等策略。


2. 开发

开发的工作,通常是在测试环境上进行的,开发结束后搬到生产环境。

2.1 数据库设计;

2.2 SQL编程及调试;

2.3 开发过程中的SQL优化。


3. 实施

开发的数据库程序到生产环境的部署。到这里,基本是项目上线了。后面就进入了运维阶段。


. 运维做些什么

从上面的图来看,运维是项目上线后的工作。看看从项目上线开始,运维都做了什么。

1.  部署环境

1.1 数据库安装(如果服务器太多,可以选择静默安装);

1.2 参数配置(实例、数据库参数);

1.3 权限分配(登录、数据库用户权限)。


2. 备份/还原

对于数据库来说,有个可用的备份是非常重要的,防止有数据损坏,用户误操作等造成的数据丢失。保证了数据的存在,运维才有意义,否则其他工作做的再好也是白搭。


3. 监控

对于运维来说,首先要保证数据库的运行,然后就是运行中系统的性能。所以监控主要分为这两点:

3.1 数据库运行状态,有没有什么数据库中断或异常、错误或警告?

3.2 数据库性能,有没有什么性能问题或者性能隐患?


4. 故障处理

在监控过程中发现,香港服务器租用,或者系统用户反馈出来的数据库错误或者警告,进行诊断并修复。


5. 性能优化

在监控过程中发现,或者系统用户反馈出来的数据库性能问题,进行优化。


6. 容灾

容灾只是手段,香港空间,最终还是为了保证系统的可用性,通常选择的策略有:故障转移集群、镜像、日志传送、异地备份等。

如果在实施时,已经部署了容灾策略,那么这时只要做一些状态监视即可。

也有系统是在上线一段时间之后,才补充部署容灾策略的。


7. 升级/迁移

7.1 升级

通常是在本机进行,硬件不变,比如:更换操作系统、数据库的版本、打补丁;

7.2 迁移

通常是需要升级硬件,比如:更换新的服务器,所以把数据库搬到新的服务器上;

也有在本机“迁移”,只是为了移动数据库文件的位置。

7.3 迁移+升级

不过很多时候,都是在迁移中做升级,网站空间,也就是换了新的服务器,也换了软件版本。


8. 健康检查

通常叫做巡检或者HealthCheck。可能是每天、每月、每年的。

事实上如果把巡检的内容做到每天、每小时、甚至每X分钟,那就是一个准实时的系统监控。


9. 系统用户反馈的数据库问题

用户反馈出来的任何数据库问题,需要DBA去做处理,即便有时诊断出来并非数据库的问题。

从广义上来看,除去数据库开发外的其他任务,都应该算在运维职责之内。


问:那么数据库运维到底都有哪些日常任务?

答:把上面的每项任务要做的事情一个个罗列出来就可以了。

比如,数据库运行状态监控包括:数据库服务是否中断、磁盘空间、错误日志检查、数据库一致性检查、作业运行状态、索引碎片检查等等。

后面会逐个分解各项任务的详细清单。


. 运维过程中的问题解决

运维过程中遇到问题时,如果能够通过自己/他人的经验解决,那么固然好;


但如果没有解决思路的话,通常是这样去查:

1. 查日志:操作系统/数据库/应用程序日志中,有没有相关的错误/信息提示;

2. 查错误号:官方文档/网友分享中,有没有解决方案;

3. 如果都没有找到,那么就中奖了,自己分析不出就团队分析,团队分析不出找官方支持,当然有的时候,官方支持也不是一定能解决。


注意:对于在线系统,这么慢慢查下去,时间可能消耗太久,会影响用户体验。通常是优先快速解决问题,那怕只是用临时应急方案,以保证系统的可用性,然后再去分析根本原因,彻底解决,以防止下次再发生。


本文出自 “SQL Server DBA” 博客,请务必保留此出处

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Roblox: Bubble Gum Simulator Infinity - How To Get And Use Royal Keys
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Nordhold: Fusion System, Explained
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Mandragora: Whispers Of The Witch Tree - How To Unlock The Grappling Hook
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1664
14
PHP Tutorial
1269
29
C# Tutorial
1249
24
iOS 18 adds a new 'Recovered' album function to retrieve lost or damaged photos iOS 18 adds a new 'Recovered' album function to retrieve lost or damaged photos Jul 18, 2024 am 05:48 AM

Apple's latest releases of iOS18, iPadOS18 and macOS Sequoia systems have added an important feature to the Photos application, designed to help users easily recover photos and videos lost or damaged due to various reasons. The new feature introduces an album called "Recovered" in the Tools section of the Photos app that will automatically appear when a user has pictures or videos on their device that are not part of their photo library. The emergence of the "Recovered" album provides a solution for photos and videos lost due to database corruption, the camera application not saving to the photo library correctly, or a third-party application managing the photo library. Users only need a few simple steps

How to handle database connection errors in PHP How to handle database connection errors in PHP Jun 05, 2024 pm 02:16 PM

To handle database connection errors in PHP, you can use the following steps: Use mysqli_connect_errno() to obtain the error code. Use mysqli_connect_error() to get the error message. By capturing and logging these error messages, database connection issues can be easily identified and resolved, ensuring the smooth running of your application.

Detailed tutorial on establishing a database connection using MySQLi in PHP Detailed tutorial on establishing a database connection using MySQLi in PHP Jun 04, 2024 pm 01:42 PM

How to use MySQLi to establish a database connection in PHP: Include MySQLi extension (require_once) Create connection function (functionconnect_to_db) Call connection function ($conn=connect_to_db()) Execute query ($result=$conn->query()) Close connection ( $conn->close())

How to use database callback functions in Golang? How to use database callback functions in Golang? Jun 03, 2024 pm 02:20 PM

Using the database callback function in Golang can achieve: executing custom code after the specified database operation is completed. Add custom behavior through separate functions without writing additional code. Callback functions are available for insert, update, delete, and query operations. You must use the sql.Exec, sql.QueryRow, or sql.Query function to use the callback function.

How to save JSON data to database in Golang? How to save JSON data to database in Golang? Jun 06, 2024 am 11:24 AM

JSON data can be saved into a MySQL database by using the gjson library or the json.Unmarshal function. The gjson library provides convenience methods to parse JSON fields, and the json.Unmarshal function requires a target type pointer to unmarshal JSON data. Both methods require preparing SQL statements and performing insert operations to persist the data into the database.

How to handle database connections and operations using C++? How to handle database connections and operations using C++? Jun 01, 2024 pm 07:24 PM

Use the DataAccessObjects (DAO) library in C++ to connect and operate the database, including establishing database connections, executing SQL queries, inserting new records and updating existing records. The specific steps are: 1. Include necessary library statements; 2. Open the database file; 3. Create a Recordset object to execute SQL queries or manipulate data; 4. Traverse the results or update records according to specific needs.

How to connect to remote database using Golang? How to connect to remote database using Golang? Jun 01, 2024 pm 08:31 PM

Through the Go standard library database/sql package, you can connect to remote databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL or SQLite: create a connection string containing database connection information. Use the sql.Open() function to open a database connection. Perform database operations such as SQL queries and insert operations. Use defer to close the database connection to release resources.

PHP connections to different databases: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle and more PHP connections to different databases: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle and more Jun 01, 2024 pm 03:02 PM

PHP database connection guide: MySQL: Install the MySQLi extension and create a connection (servername, username, password, dbname). PostgreSQL: Install the PgSQL extension and create a connection (host, dbname, user, password). Oracle: Install the OracleOCI8 extension and create a connection (servername, username, password). Practical case: Obtain MySQL data, PostgreSQL query, OracleOCI8 update record.

See all articles