PHP模板引擎Smarty中变量的使用方法示例_php实例
本文实例讲述了PHP模板引擎Smarty中变量的使用方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
一、概述：
Smarty 是 PHP 众多模板引擎中的一个，它是根据 PHP 编写的一个类库。
Smarty 的优点：
1、优化网站访问速度；
2、网页前端设计和程序的分离；
二、Smarty 的安装
1、需要到 Smarty 的官方网站 http://www.smarty.net/download.php 下载最新的 Smarty 版本，比如下载的版本为：Smarty-2.6.18.tar.tar；
2、解压 Smarty-2.6.18.tar.tar 压缩包，会发现都很多文件和文件夹，除了 libs 文件夹外，其他的全部删除，都没有用；
3、当调用 Smarty 模板引擎时，应先使用 PHP 的 require 语句载入 libs/Smarty.class.php 这个文件。
三、Smarty 类库的默认设置
require 进 Smarty.class.php 文件后，如果需要对 Smarty 类库中的成员进行设置，有两种方法：一种是直接在 Smarty.class.php 文件中修改；一种是在初始化类库之后进行重新指定，一般使用后者。下面对 Smarty 类库中的成员属性进行说明：
1、$template_dir：设置网站中的模板文件存放的目录，默认目录是 templates
2、$compile_dir：设置网站中编译文件存放的目录，默认目录是 templates_c
3、$config_dir：定义用于存放模板特殊配置文件的目录，默认是 configs
4、$left_delimiter：用于模板中的左结束符变量，默认是 '{'
5、$right_delimiter：用于模板中的右结束符变量，默认是 '}'
四、变量的使用：
Smarty 中所有的访问都是基于变量的，下面通过一个实例来进行说明。
实例思路：主文件通过引入模板初始化配置文件(init.inc.php)和一个类，并对模板中的变量进行赋值显示。
首先，设置 init.inc.php 文件，作为 Smarty 模板的初始化配置文件
init.inc.php
<?php
define('ROOT_PATH', dirname(__FILE__)); //定义网站根目录
require ROOT_PATH.'/libs/Smarty.class.php'; //载入 Smarty 文件
$_tpl = new Smarty(); //实例化一个对象
$_tpl->template_dir = ROOT_PATH.'/tpl/'; //重新设置模板目录为根目录下的 tpl 目录
$_tpl->compile_dir = ROOT_PATH.'./com/'; //重新设置编译目录为根目录下的 com 目录
$_tpl->left_delimiter = '<{'; //重新设置左定界符为 '<{'
$_tpl->right_delimiter = '}>'; //重新设置左定界符为 '}>'
?>
主文件 index.php
<?php
require 'init.inc.php'; //引入模板初始化文件
require 'Persion.class.php'; //载入对象文件
global $_tpl;
$title = 'This is a title!';
$content = 'This is body content!';
/*
* 一、从 PHP 中分配给模板变量；
* 动态的数据（PHP从数据库或文件，以及算法生成的变量）
* 任何类型的数据都可以从PHP分配过来，主要包括如下
* 标量：string、int、double、boolean
* 复合：array、object
* NULL
* 索引数组是直接通过索引来访问的
* 关联数组，不是使用［关联下标］而是使用 . 下标的方式
* 对象是直接通过->来访问的
* */
$_tpl->assign('title',$title);
$_tpl->assign('content',$content); //变量的赋值
$_tpl->assign('arr1',array('abc','def','ghi')); //索引数组的赋值
$_tpl->assign('arr2',array(array('abc','def','ghi'),array('jkl','mno','pqr'))); //索引二维数组的赋值
$_tpl->assign('arr3',array('one'=>'111','two'=>'222','three'=>'333')); //关联数组的赋值
$_tpl->assign('arr4',array('one'=>array('one'=>'111','two'=>'222'),'two'=>array('three'=>'333','four'=>'444'))); //关联二维数组的赋值
$_tpl->assign('arr5',array('one'=>array('111','222'),array('three'=>'333','444'))); //关联和索引混合数组的赋值
$_tpl->assign('object',new Persion('小易', 10)); //对象赋值
//Smarty 中数值也可以进行运算(+-*/^……)
$_tpl->assign('num1',10);
$_tpl->assign('num2',20);
$_tpl->display('index.tpl');
?>
主文件 index.php 的模板文件 index.tpl（搁置在/tpl/目录下）
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title><{$title}></title>
</head> <body>
变量的访问：<{$content}>
<br />
索引数组的访问：<{$arr1[0]}> <{$arr1[1]}> <{$arr1[2]}>
<br />
索引二维数组的访问： <{$arr2[0][0]}> <{$arr2[0][1]}> <{$arr2[0][2]}> <{$arr2[1][0]}> <{$arr2[1][1]}> <{$arr2[1][2]}>
<br />
关联数组的访问：<{$arr3.one}> <{$arr3.two}> <{$arr3.three}>
<br />
关联二维数组的访问：<{$arr4.one.one}> <{$arr4.one.two}> <{$arr4.two.three}> <{$arr4.two.four}>
<br />
关联和索引混合数组的访问：<{$arr5.one[0]}> <{$arr5.one[1]}> <{$arr5[0].three}> <{$arr5[0][0]}>
<br />
对象中成员变量的访问：<{$object->name}> <{$object->age}>
<br />
对象中方法的访问：<{$object->hello()}>
<br />
变量的运算：<{$num1+$num2}>
<br />
变量的混合运算：<{$num1+$num2*$num2/$num1+44}>
<br />
</body>
</html>
Persion.class.php
<?php
class Persion {
public $name; //为了访问方便，设定为public
public $age;
//定义一个构造方法
public function __construct($name,$age) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->age = $age;
}
//定义一个 hello() 方法，输出名字和年龄
public function hello() {
return '您好！我叫'.$this->name.'，今年'.$this->age.'岁了。';
}
}
?>
执行结果：
变量的访问：This is body content! 索引数组的访问：abc def ghi 索引二维数组的访问： abc def ghi jkl mno pqr 关联数组的访问：111 222 333 关联二维数组的访问：111 222 333 444 关联和索引混合数组的访问：111 222 333 444 对象中成员变量的访问：小易 10 对象中方法的访问：您好！我叫小易，今年10岁了。 变量的运算：30 变量的混合运算：94
更多关于PHP相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《smarty模板入门基础教程》、《PHP模板技术总结》、《PHP基于pdo操作数据库技巧总结》、《PHP运算与运算符用法总结》、《PHP网络编程技巧总结》、《PHP基本语法入门教程》、《php面向对象程序设计入门教程》、《php字符串(string)用法总结》、《php+mysql数据库操作入门教程》及《php常见数据库操作技巧汇总》
希望本文所述对大家基于smarty模板的PHP程序设计有所帮助。
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