在研究discuz 的时候，发现discuz有一套相当完美的加密算法(相对而言)。这个算法可以将数据加密后，储存起来，到需要用的时候，用之前加密的秘钥将之还原。 除了这个之外，还有AES这个算法能够将数据很好的加密起来，在传输过程中不容易被破解。 在PHP中，我
在研究discuz 的时候，发现discuz有一套相当完美的加密算法(相对而言)。这个算法可以将数据加密后，储存起来，到需要用的时候，用之前加密的秘钥将之还原。
除了这个之外，还有AES这个算法能够将数据很好的加密起来，在传输过程中不容易被破解。
在PHP中，我们必须先安装好mcrypt这个模块，并且添加相应版本的扩展到php中，详情可以看 不重新编译PHP安装Mcrypt扩展
AES加密模式和填充方式有以下之中，但不是全部
立即学习“PHP免费学习笔记（深入）”；
算法/模式/填充 16字节加密后数据长度 不满16字节加密后长度 AES/CBC/NoPadding 16 不支持 AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding 32 16 AES/CBC/ISO10126Padding 32 16 AES/CFB/NoPadding 16 原始数据长度 AES/CFB/PKCS5Padding 32 16 AES/CFB/ISO10126Padding 32 16 AES/ECB/NoPadding 16 不支持 AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding 32 16 AES/ECB/ISO10126Padding 32 16 AES/OFB/NoPadding 16 原始数据长度 AES/OFB/PKCS5Padding 32 16 AES/OFB/ISO10126Padding 32 16 AES/PCBC/NoPadding 16 不支持 AES/PCBC/PKCS5Padding 32 16 AES/PCBC/ISO10126Padding 32 16
下面就是在PHP中使用AES对数据加密
AES-CBC 加密方案
<code><span><span><?php <span>$privateKey <span>= <span>"1234567812345678"<span>; <span>$iv <span>= <span>"1234567812345678"<span>; <span>$data <span>= <span>"Test String"<span>; <span> //加密 <span>$encrypted <span>= <span>mcrypt_encrypt<span>(<span>MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128<span>, <span>$privateKey<span>, <span>$data<span>, <span>MCRYPT_MODE_CBC<span>, <span>$iv<span>)<span>; <span>echo<span>(<span>base64_encode<span>(<span>$encrypted<span>)<span>)<span>; <span>echo '<span><span><span><span><br<span>/>'<span>; <span> //解密 <span>$encryptedData <span>= <span>base64_decode<span>(<span>"2fbwW9+8vPId2/foafZq6Q=="<span>)<span>; <span>$decrypted <span>= <span>mcrypt_decrypt<span>(<span>MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128<span>, <span>$privateKey<span>, <span>$encryptedData<span>, <span>MCRYPT_MODE_CBC<span>, <span>$iv<span>)<span>; <span>echo<span>(<span>$decrypted<span>)<span>; <span>?></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code>
AES-ECB加密方案
<code><span><?php <span>
//加密
<span>$key <span>= <span>'1234567890123456'<span>;
<span>$content <span>= <span>'hello'<span>;
<span>$padkey <span>= <span>pad2Length<span>(<span>$key<span>,<span>16<span>)<span>;
<span>$cipher <span>= <span>mcrypt_module_open<span>(<span>MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128<span>, <span>''<span>, <span>MCRYPT_MODE_ECB<span>, <span>''<span>)<span>;
<span>$iv_size <span>= <span>mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size<span>(<span>$cipher<span>)<span>;
<span>$iv <span>= <span>mcrypt_create_iv<span>(<span>$iv_size<span>, <span>MCRYPT_RAND<span>)<span>;<span> #IV自动生成？
<span>echo <span>'自动生成iv的长度:'<span>.<span>strlen<span>(<span>$iv<span>)<span>.<span>'位:'<span>.<span>bin2hex<span>(<span>$iv<span>)<span>.'<span><span><span><span><br<span>>'<span>;
<span>if <span>(<span>mcrypt_generic_init<span>(<span>$cipher<span>, <span>pad2Length<span>(<span>$key<span>,<span>16<span>)<span>, <span>$iv<span>) <span>!<span>= <span>-<span>1<span>)
<span>{
<span> // PHP pads with NULL bytes if $content is not a multiple of the block size..
<span>$cipherText <span>= <span>mcrypt_generic<span>(<span>$cipher<span>,<span>pad2Length<span>(<span>$content<span>,<span>16<span>) <span>)<span>;
<span>mcrypt_generic_deinit<span>(<span>$cipher<span>)<span>;
<span>mcrypt_module_close<span>(<span>$cipher<span>)<span>;
<span> // Display the result in hex.
<span>printf<span>(<span>"128-bit encrypted result:n%snn"<span>,<span>bin2hex<span>(<span>$cipherText<span>)<span>)<span>;
<span>print<span>("<span><span><span><span><br <span>/>"<span>)<span>;
<span>} <span>
//解密
<span>$mw <span>= <span>bin2hex<span>(<span>$cipherText<span>)<span>;
<span>$td <span>= <span>mcrypt_module_open<span>(<span>MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128<span>, <span>''<span>, <span>MCRYPT_MODE_ECB<span>, <span>''<span>)<span>;
<span>if <span>(<span>mcrypt_generic_init<span>(<span>$td<span>, <span>$padkey<span>, <span>$iv<span>) <span>!<span>= <span>-<span>1<span>)
<span>{
<span>$p_t <span>= <span>mdecrypt_generic<span>(<span>$td<span>, <span>hexToStr<span>(<span>$mw<span>)<span>)<span>;
<span>mcrypt_generic_deinit<span>(<span>$td<span>)<span>;
<span>mcrypt_module_close<span>(<span>$td<span>)<span>;
<span>$p_t <span>= <span>trimEnd<span>(<span>$p_t<span>)<span>;
<span>echo <span>'解密:'<span>;
<span>print<span>(<span>$p_t<span>)<span>;
<span>print<span>("<span><span><span><span><br <span>/>"<span>)<span>;
<span>print<span>(<span>bin2hex<span>(<span>$p_t<span>)<span>)<span>;
<span>echo '<span><span><span><span><br<span>><span><span><span><span><br<span>>'<span>;
<span>} <span>
//将$text补足$padlen倍数的长度
<span>function <span>pad2Length<span>(<span>$text<span>, <span>$padlen<span>)<span>{
<span>$len <span>= <span>strlen<span>(<span>$text<span>)<span>%<span>$padlen<span>;
<span>$res <span>= <span>$text<span>;
<span>$span <span>= <span>$padlen<span>-<span>$len<span>;
<span>for<span>(<span>$i<span>=<span>0<span>; <span>$i<span><<span>$span<span>; <span>$i<span>++<span>)<span>{
<span>$res <span>.<span>= <span>chr<span>(<span>$span<span>)<span>;
<span>}
<span>return <span>$res<span>;
<span>} <span>
//将解密后多余的长度去掉(因为在加密的时候 补充长度满足block_size的长度)
<span>function <span>trimEnd<span>(<span>$text<span>)<span>{
<span>$len <span>= <span>strlen<span>(<span>$text<span>)<span>;
<span>$c <span>= <span>$text<span>[<span>$len<span>-<span>1<span>]<span>;
<span>if<span>(<span>ord<span>(<span>$c<span>) <span><<span>$len<span>)<span>{
<span>for<span>(<span>$i<span>=<span>$len<span>-<span>ord<span>(<span>$c<span>)<span>; <span>$i<span><<span>$len<span>; <span>$i<span>++<span>)<span>{
<span>if<span>(<span>$text<span>[<span>$i<span>] <span>!<span>= <span>$c<span>)<span>{
<span>return <span>$text<span>;
<span>}
<span>}
<span>return <span>substr<span>(<span>$text<span>, <span>0<span>, <span>$len<span>-<span>ord<span>(<span>$c<span>)<span>)<span>;
<span>}
<span>return <span>$text<span>;
<span>} <span>
//16进制的转为2进制字符串
<span>function <span>hexToStr<span>(<span>$hex<span>)
<span>{
<span>$bin<span>=<span>""<span>;
<span>for<span>(<span>$i<span>=<span>0<span>; <span>$i<span><<span>strlen<span>(<span>$hex<span>)<span>-<span>1<span>; <span>$i<span>+<span>=<span>2<span>)
<span>{
<span>$bin<span>.<span>=<span>chr<span>(<span>hexdec<span>(<span>$hex<span>[<span>$i<span>]<span>.<span>$hex<span>[<span>$i<span>+<span>1<span>]<span>)<span>)<span>;
<span>}
<span>return <span>$bin<span>;
<span>} </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code>AES-ECB加密方案
<code><span><span><?php <span>$key <span>= <span>'1234567890123456'<span>; <span>$key <span>= <span>pad2Length<span>(<span>$key<span>,<span>16<span>)<span>; <span>$iv <span>= <span>'asdff'<span>; <span>$content <span>= <span>'hello'<span>; <span>$content <span>= <span>pad2Length<span>(<span>$content<span>,<span>16<span>)<span>; <span>$AESed <span>= <span>bin2hex<span>( <span>mcrypt_encrypt<span>(<span>MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128<span>,<span>$key<span>,<span>$content<span>,<span>MCRYPT_MODE_ECB<span>,<span>$iv<span>) <span>)<span>;<span> #加密 <span>echo <span>"128-bit encrypted result:"<span>.<span>$AESed<span>.'<span><span><span><span><br<span>>'<span>; <span>$jiemi <span>= <span>mcrypt_decrypt<span>(<span>MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128<span>,<span>$key<span>,<span>hexToStr<span>(<span>$AESed<span>)<span>,<span>MCRYPT_MODE_ECB<span>,<span>$iv<span>)<span>;<span> #解密 <span>echo <span>'解密:'<span>; <span>echo <span>trimEnd<span>(<span>$jiemi<span>)<span>; <span>?> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></code>
以上只是我列出的简单的3种加密方法，事实上还有很多中方法，需要我们不断的学习。密码学的道路还任重而道远。
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