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星际争霸之php简单工厂模式

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:23 PM
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上次用星际争霸讨论了面向对象的基础知识,似乎面向对象能解决很多问题。


但是还会有很多问题,简单的靠类和对象解决不得太好。


比如如何根据玩家输入的内容(尽管可以转化为其他字符串),来确定要制造的兵种,玩家不会输入代码:new Marine()。


和星际一样,PHP也没有终极兵种,如果类和接口是兵种的话,那么设计模式就是你的战术和控制,它可以让你靠各种兵种的搭配获胜。


待解决的问题:在人族的兵营,我们靠相应玩家的输入来动态确定要造的兵种,假设是机枪兵和火焰兵。


思路:动态的根据传递的数据,新建相应的类的对象。



简单工厂模式示例:


我们把机枪兵类的代码放入一个文件,Marine.php,它的代码如下:

<?php

class Marine {

    //机枪兵攻击的方法

  public function attack()

  {

    echo &#39;Marine attack&#39;;

  }

}

?>
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我们把火焰兵类的代码放入一个文件,Firebat.php,它的代码如下:

<?php

class Firebat {

    //火焰兵攻击的方法

  public function attack()

  {

    echo &#39;Firebat attack&#39;;

  }

}

?>
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主文件中的内容如下:

<?php

//兵种制造器的类

class BarracksCreator {

    //制造兵种的方法

  public create($createWhat)

  {

   //根据输入的参数,动态的把需要的类的定义文件载入

    require_once($createWhat.&#39;.php&#39;);

   //根据输入的参数,动态的返回需要的类的对象

    return new $createWhat;

  }

}

//新建一个兵种制造器对象

$creator = new BarracksCreator();

//靠接收参数制造一个火焰兵对象

$troop1 = $creator->create(&#39;Marine&#39;);

$troop1->attack();

//靠接收参数制造一个机枪兵对象

$troop2 = $creator->create(&#39;Firebat&#39;);

$troop2->attack();

?>
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用途总结:简单工厂模式可以将新建对象的任务进行封装,一旦需要增加新的返回类,只要修改负责新建对象的那部分代码。


实现总结:需要一个自动根据参数返回新建对象的工厂,比如上面兵种制造器BarracksCreator,使用的时候只需要将参数传递给他的生产方法create(),无需考虑具体的生产细节。


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