实例详解vue.js内置组件之keep-alive组件的使用

<keep-alive>
  <router-view v-if="$route.meta.keepAlive"></router-view>
 </keep-alive>
 <router-view v-if="!$route.meta.keepAlive"></router-view>

<keep-alive include="a">
 <component></component>
</keep-alive>

<keep-alive exclude="a">
 <component></component>
</keep-alive>

props: {
 include: patternTypes,
 exclude: patternTypes,
 max: [String, Number]
},
created () {
 // 创建缓存对象
 this.cache = Object.create(null)
 // 创建一个key别名数组(组件name)
 this.keys = []
},

destroyed () {
 /* 遍历销毁所有缓存的组件实例*/
 for (const key in this.cache) {
  pruneCacheEntry(this.cache, key, this.keys)
 }
},

render () {
 /* 获取插槽 */
 const slot = this.$slots.default
 /* 根据插槽获取第一个组件组件 */
 const vnode: VNode = getFirstComponentChild(slot)
 const componentOptions: ?VNodeComponentOptions = vnode && vnode.componentOptions
 if (componentOptions) {
 // 获取组件的名称（是否设置了组件名称name，没有则返回组件标签名称）
 const name: ?string = getComponentName(componentOptions)
 // 解构对象赋值常量
 const { include, exclude } = this
 if ( /* name不在inlcude中或者在exlude中则直接返回vnode */
  // not included
  (include && (!name || !matches(include, name))) ||
  // excluded
  (exclude && name && matches(exclude, name))
 ) {
  return vnode
 }
 const { cache, keys } = this
 const key: ?string = vnode.key == null
  // same constructor may get registered as different local components
  // so cid alone is not enough (#3269)
  ? componentOptions.Ctor.cid + (componentOptions.tag ? `::${componentOptions.tag}` : '')
  : vnode.key
 if (cache[key]) { // 判断当前是否有缓存，有则取缓存的实例，无则进行缓存
  vnode.componentInstance = cache[key].componentInstance
  // make current key freshest
  remove(keys, key)
  keys.push(key)
 } else {
  cache[key] = vnode
  keys.push(key)
  // 判断是否设置了最大缓存实例数量，超过则删除最老的数据，
  if (this.max && keys.length > parseInt(this.max)) {
  pruneCacheEntry(cache, keys[0], keys, this._vnode)
  }
 }
 // 给vnode打上缓存标记
 vnode.data.keepAlive = true
 }
 return vnode || (slot && slot[0])
}
// 销毁实例
function pruneCacheEntry (
 cache: VNodeCache,
 key: string,
 keys: Array<string>,
 current?: VNode
) {
 const cached = cache[key]
 if (cached && (!current || cached.tag !== current.tag)) {
 cached.componentInstance.$destroy()
 }
 cache[key] = null
 remove(keys, key)
}
// 缓存
function pruneCache (keepAliveInstance: any, filter: Function) {
 const { cache, keys, _vnode } = keepAliveInstance
 for (const key in cache) {
 const cachedNode: ?VNode = cache[key]
 if (cachedNode) {
  const name: ?string = getComponentName(cachedNode.componentOptions)
  // 组件name 不符合filler条件， 销毁实例，移除cahe
  if (name && !filter(name)) {
  pruneCacheEntry(cache, key, keys, _vnode)
  }
 }
 }
}
// 筛选过滤函数
function matches (pattern: string | RegExp | Array<string>, name: string): boolean {
 if (Array.isArray(pattern)) {
 return pattern.indexOf(name) > -1
 } else if (typeof pattern === &#39;string&#39;) {
 return pattern.split(&#39;,&#39;).indexOf(name) > -1
 } else if (isRegExp(pattern)) {
 return pattern.test(name)
 }
 /* istanbul ignore next */
 return false
}
// 检测 include 和 exclude 数据的变化，实时写入读取缓存或者删除
mounted () {
 this.$watch(&#39;include&#39;, val => {
 pruneCache(this, name => matches(val, name))
 })
 this.$watch(&#39;exclude&#39;, val => {
 pruneCache(this, name => !matches(val, name))
 })
},

<!--exclude - 字符串或正则表达式。任何匹配的组件都不会被缓存。-->
<!--TODO 匹配首先检查组件自身的 name 选项，如果 name 选项不可用，则匹配它的局部注册名称-->
<keep-alive :exclude="keepAliveConf.value">
 <router-view class="child-view" :key="$route.fullPath"></router-view>
</keep-alive>
<!-- 或者 -->
<keep-alive :include="keepAliveConf.value">
 <router-view class="child-view" :key="$route.fullPath"></router-view>
</keep-alive>
<!-- 具体使用 include 还是exclude 根据项目是否需要缓存的页面数量多少来决定-->

// 路由组件命名集合
 var arr = ['component1', 'component2'];
 export default {value: routeList.join()};

import keepAliveConf from 'keepAliveConf.js'
Vue.mixin({
 methods: {
 // 传入需要重置的组件名字
 resetKeepAive(name) {
  const conf = keepAliveConf.value;
  let arr = keepAliveConf.value.split(',');
  if (name && typeof name === 'string') {
   let i = arr.indexOf(name);
   if (i > -1) {
    arr.splice(i, 1);
    keepAliveConf.value = arr.join();
    setTimeout(() => {
     keepAliveConf.value = conf
    }, 500);
   }
  }
 },
 }
})